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Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Additional toxicological data

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
additional toxicological information
Adequacy of study:
other information
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)

Data source

Reference
Title:
No information
Author:
Spreafico, F. et al. (1980): Pharmakokinetics of ethylene|dichloride in rats treated by different routes and its|long-term inhalatory toxicity. Banbury Report No. 5,|Ethylene dichloride: A potential health risk? (Ames, B.N. et|al., eds.), Cold Spring Habor Laboratory, N.Y., CSH Press,|pp. 107-133

Materials and methods

Type of study / information:
Type: other: Toxicokinetics/ADE

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
1,2-dichloroethane
EC Number:
203-458-1
EC Name:
1,2-dichloroethane
Cas Number:
107-06-2
Molecular formula:
C2H4Cl2
IUPAC Name:
1,2-dichloroethane

Results and discussion

Any other information on results incl. tables

1.     ABSORPTION during inhalation exposure (from Tab.
7/8): 
At 50 ppm for 6 h, steady states are reached after 2 h with
respect to constancy of blood, lung, liver and
adipose-tissue levels. 
At 250 ppm for 6 h, steady states are reached after >3 h
with respect to blood and tissue levels. 

The 5-fold increase in the exposure concentration led to a
multifold enhancement of DCE in tissues:

At 250 ppm as compared to respective levels at 50 ppm (Fig.
3 A,B, Tab. 6):  
      - in blood     about 23x
      - in liver     about 20x 
      - in lung      about 35x
      - in adipose   about 27x.

This indicates limitation of elimination mechanisms
(saturation) at the high exposure level, although the
elimination rate remains extremely high and is only slowed
down at a factor of about 2 (see below).
        -----------------------------------

2.   Blood and liver ELIMINATION kinetics

After single oral administration (gavage, olive oil, 1.5
ml/kg) (data from Tab. 6 and Fig. 2/3):


                      Blood                   Liver
              Peak level    t/2       Peak level     t/2  
                [ug/ml]    [min]       [ug/g]       [min] 
=======================================================
   25 mg/kg     13.3        25          30           19
   50 mg/kg     32          44          55           42
  150 mg/kg     67          57          92           65 
=======================================================


After single 6-h inhalation (data from Tab. 6 and Fig. 2/3):

                      Blood                   Liver
              Peak level    t/2       Peak level     t/2  
                [ug/ml]    [min]       [ug/g]       [min] 
========================================================
   50 ppm         1.4        13          1.0          11
  250 ppm        31          22         22            18
 =======================================================

3.   TISSUE CONCENTRATIONs
- Adipose tissue levels:
Highest concentrations are found in fat tissue, although
also  the elimination rate (second kinetic phase) was high
throughout and in the range of the other tissues documented,
T/2 generally <= 30 min except for 250 mg/kg (oral) with
a T/2 of about 60 min.

The peak adipose levels for 150 mg/kg (oral) was similar to
that found after 250 ppm (inh.) at about 260 ug/g each. 
At 25 mg/kg (oral), this level was 11x higher than after
exposure to 50 ppm (110 vs. 10 ug/g).  

- Lung tissue levels:
After oral administration of the selected doses, no
exponential increase of DCE was seen in the lung (like in
the other tissues), in contrast to inhalation exposure (like
in the other tissues) [see above: absorption]. At a dose 25
mg/kg, the lung level was at about 7.5x higher than that
seen after 50 ppm (inhal.). After 50 or 150 mg/kg, it became
relatively lower than in the lung from animals exposed to
250 ppm (approx. 0.7 to 0.5x).

- Liver levels:
All liver levels after oral dosing were significantly higher
than those found after inhalation even to the highest
concentration (see Table above).

      -----------------------------

Applicant's summary and conclusion