Nitrobenzene

Acute Toxicity: dermal

Administrative data

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: dermal

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions (no data on purity of test substance)

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1976

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Method: other: acc. to protocols of Publication 1138 of the Natl. Acad. of Science, Natl. Res. Council (1964)

GLP compliance:

no

Test type:

standard acute method

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Nitrobenzene

EC Number:

202-716-0

EC Name:

Nitrobenzene

Cas Number:

98-95-3

Molecular formula:

C6H5NO2

IUPAC Name:

nitrobenzene

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): nitrobenzene, J. T. Baker
- Analytical purity: no data
- Lot: 24 752

Test animals

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Sex:

not specified

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Weight at study initiation: 2.5 - 3.5 kg

Administration / exposure

Type of coverage:

occlusive

Vehicle:

ethanol

Details on dermal exposure:

TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: clipped trunk
- Type of wrap if used: sleeves secured with extra layers


REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): Animals were rinsed with cold tap water and wiped dry.
- Time after start of exposure: 24 h


TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 7 - 10 ml in the solvent, depending on animal size
- Concentration (if solution): no data

Duration of exposure:

24 h

Doses:

560, 760 and 1000 mg/kg

No. of animals per sex per dose:

5

Control animals:

no

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: no data
- Necropsy of survivors performed: no
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs and determination of methemoglobin

Results and discussion

Effect levels

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

ca. 760 mg/kg bw

Remarks on result:

other: estimated

Mortality:

At 560 mg/kg, no animal died. At 760 and 1000 mg/kg, 80% of the animals died. Death occured at 48 to 96 and 24 to 48 h after application, respectively.

Clinical signs:

other: 560 mg/kg: lethargy, persisting discoloration of skin and eyes; 760 and 1000 mg/kg: lethargy, collapse, loss of coordination

Other findings:

Methemoglobinemia manifested in less than 20 minutes post application.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Dose [g/kg]	Mortality ratio	Observation time	Reactions
Screening
0.33	0/1	14 days	Discoloration, slight cyanosis, lethargy
1	0/1	14 days	Discoloration, cyanosis, lethargy
1.35	2/2	24 h	Death 24 h
1.8	1/1	24 h	Death 24 h
3.3	1/1	48 h	Comatose and death at 30 h
Test trials
0.56	0/5	14 days	Lethargy, persisting discoloration of skin and eyes
0.76	4/5	14 days	Lethargy, collapse, loss of coordination, death 48 – 96 h
1	4/5	14 days	Lethargy, collapse, loss of motor coordination, death 24 – 48 h

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

Category 4 based on GHS criteria

Remarks:

Migrated information