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EC number: 203-439-8 | CAS number: 106-89-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1982-12-1985-10
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP guideline study, although chemical analyses were absent the data of section 3.1.2 (Stability in water) indicate sufficient exposure.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ASTM Standard E729-80
- Deviations:
- no
- Remarks:
- Not specified in report
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The main objective of this study was to determine the precision of daphnid acute tests within a laboratory while maintaining tight control over environmental and experimental factors that might have influenced test results. Thus replicated 48-h static acute tests were conducted to determine the toxicity of a number of chemicals including epichlorohydrin.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
not applicable - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- no analytical analysis was conducted
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- Stock solutions were prepared by dissolving the appropriate amount of the chemical in dilution water or acetone if a carrier was needed. All concentrations reported were nominal. Actual concentrations tested not stated in report.
Lake Huron water was used to culture and test daphnids. This water was obtained from the Midland Water Treatment Plant, Midland, Michigan prior to final chlorination and was adjusted to a hardness of approximately 170 mg/L as CaCO3. After adjusting harness, the daphnid dilution water was autoclaved at 121C and 124 kPa for 35 minutes. During this study, the means and standard deviations of the water quality variables were as follows: pH 8.0 +/-0.2, conductivity 311 +/-11 umhos/cm, hardness 157 +/-4 mg/L as CaCO3 and alkalinity 65 +/-4 mg/L as CaCO3. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- Strain: Daphnia magna Straus 1820
- Source/supplier: not described
- Breeding method: the brood stock was maintained at 20 ± 1°C
and a light-dark cycle of 16h:8h
- Feeding: Selenastrum capricornutum three times a week (1.25
mg dry wt/L of dilution water)
- Pretreatment: 24 h before testing, multiparous females were
isolated and the neonates were used for testing
- Feeding during test: no
- Control group: yes - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- study was terminated after 48 hours
- Hardness:
- 157 +/-4 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 19.8-20.9°C
- pH:
- 7.7-8.3
- Dissolved oxygen:
- > 90% saturation
- Salinity:
- No data
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- No data
- Details on test conditions:
- DILUTION WATER
- Source: Lake Huron water
- Alkalinity: 65 ± 4 mg/l as CaCO3
- Hardness: 157 ± 4 mg/l as CaCO3
- pH: 8.0 ± 0.2
- Conductance: 311 ± 11 µmhos/cm
TEST SYSTEM
- Test type: static without renewal of test solution and
without aeration
- Concentrations: not described
- Exposure vessel type: 200 ml test solution in a 250 ml
glass beaker
- Number of replicates, individuals per replicate: 3/10
- Test temperature: 19.8-20.9°C
- Dissolved oxygen: > 90% saturation
- pH: 7.7-8.3
- Intensity of irradiation: 970-1250 lumens per m2
- Photoperiod: 16h:8h light-dark cycle
TEST PARAMETER: immobility of test organisms - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 23.9 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 19.4-32.9 mg/L
- Details on results:
- Three separate studies were conducted within the laboratory. The calculated EC50 was 28.9, 22.6 and 21.0 mg/L for each study. The geometric mean of the 3 values was 23.9 mg/L.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- not applicable
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- not applicable
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- he control mortality was below the validity criterion.
- Conclusions:
- A 48h EC50 value of 23.9 mg/l with 95% confidence intervals of 19.4-32.9 mg/l was found.
- Executive summary:
The 48 hr EC50 in daphnids was determined in 3 separate studies of epichlorohydrin. The EC50 for each study was similar with the highest value at 28.9 mg/L while the lowest was 21.0 mg/L. The geometric mean of the 3 values was 23.9 mg/L.
Reference
The 48 hr EC50 in daphnids was determined in 3 separate studies of epichlorohydrin. The EC50 for each study was similar with the highest value at 28.9 mg/L while the lowest was 21.0 mg/L. The geometric mean of the 3 values was 23.9 mg/L.
Description of key information
The 48-hour EC50 value of 23.9 mg/L for epichlorohydrin is the geometric mean calculated from three 48-hour EC50 values reported in a valid exposure study with Daphnia magna.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 23.9 mg/L
Additional information
One acute toxicity test with Daphnia magna was assessed for this endpoint. This study was deemed of good quality and useful for risk assessment (Klimish score = 2). In this study, a series of three acute exposures with epichlorohydrin were conducted with D. magna and three 48-hour EC50 values (based on immobility) were calculated. The calculated EC50 values were 28.9, 22.6 and 21.0 mg/L epichlorohydrin. The geometric mean of the three values was 23.9 mg/L epichlorohydrin, and this value was selected as the key parameter for this endpoint.
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