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EC number: 200-001-8 | CAS number: 50-00-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Comparable to guideline study (BASF Test) with acceptable restrictions (exposure period 20 h; occlusive dressing; application of a patch soaked with ca. 1 mL formalin; partly limited documentation, no details about the test substance)
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 974
- Report date:
- 1974
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 973
- Report date:
- 1973
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- (20 h exposure, occlusive dressing)
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Formaldehyde
- EC Number:
- 200-001-8
- EC Name:
- Formaldehyde
- Cas Number:
- 50-00-0
- Molecular formula:
- C H2 O
- IUPAC Name:
- formaldehyde
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- 40% formalin
no further details
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- Vienna White
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- 1 male (initial body weight 3.03 kg) and 1 female rabbit (intial weight 3.36 kg)
no further details
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Preparation of test site:
- shaved
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- not required
- Amount / concentration applied:
- a patch (2.5 x 2.5 cm²) soaked with the liquid (formalin) corresponding to ca. 1 mL (0.5 mL recommended in OECD 404)
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 20 h (washing of test site)
- Observation period:
- 24, 48, 72 h and 6 and 8 days after application
- Number of animals:
- 1 male and 1 female
- Details on study design:
- BASF scoring system converted into the presently used grading system (OECD 404)
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24 h
- Score:
- 2.5
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: full thickness necrosis
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24 h
- Score:
- 3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: full thickness necrosis
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- full thickness necrosis was induced in both rabbits
- Other effects:
- slight reduction in body weight
Any other information on results incl. tables
Skin irritation in 2 rabbits
Scorring |
Erythema |
Edema |
Remarks |
Exposure duration 20 h |
|||
24 h after initiation Rabbit 1 Rabbit 2 |
2 3 |
3 3 |
Superficial Ne & B Superficial Ne |
48 h after initiation Rabbit 1 Rabbit 2 |
2 2 |
3 3 |
Ne Ne |
72 h after initiation Rabbit 1 Rabbit 2 |
See remarks |
See remarks |
Ne Ne (parchmenty) |
6 days Rabbit 1 Rabbit 2 |
See remarks |
See remarks |
Ne (leather like) Ne (black) |
8 days Rabbit 1 Rabbit 2 |
See remarks |
See remarks |
Ne (black, hardened) Ne (black, hardened) |
Ne: necrosis; B: bleeding
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 1 (corrosive) based on GHS criteria
- Conclusions:
- A solution of 40% formalin induced full thickness necrosis in 2 rabbits after 20 h occlusive exposure.
- Executive summary:
Comparable to guideline study (BASF Test) with acceptable restrictions (exposure period 20 h; occlusive dressing; application of a patch soaked with ca. 1 mL formalin; partly limited documentation, no details about the test substance).
Two White Vienna rabbits were exposed for 20 h under occlusive dressing to a patch (2.5 x 2.5 cm²) soaked with 40% formalin. Readings were performed 24, 48, 72 h and 6 and 8 days after application. Beside edema and erythema superficial necrosis was obvious 24 h after initiation of exposure. In both rabbits full thickness necrosis were found the following days.
Conclusion: A solution of 40% formalin induced full thickness necrosis in 2 rabbits after 20 h occlusive exposure.
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