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Ecotoxicological information

Short-term toxicity to fish

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Reference
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to fish
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
1996-12-27
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
GLP compliance:
yes
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Purity not specified but typically ca. 98.9 %
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
The material of a  necessary amount is dissolved to the dilution water, and examination field liquid 10,000 mg/L is adjusted. 
Test organisms (species):
Oryzias latipes
Details on test organisms:
-Test Organisms: 
a) Size (length and weight): length = 20 - 21 mm;     
weight= 0.13 - 0.15 g 
b) Supplier / Source: obtained from commercial hatcheries
Test type:
semi-static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
yes
Total exposure duration:
96 h
Post exposure observation period:
Not applicable
Hardness:
55.6 mg/L
Test temperature:
23.9 - 24.4 degree C 
pH:
7.7
Dissolved oxygen:
5.5-8.2
Salinity:
not applicable
Nominal and measured concentrations:
100 mg/L- nominal
101 mg/L-TWM measured
Details on test conditions:
-Test Conditions: 
a) Dilution Water Source: Dechlorination water 
b) Dilution Water Chemistry: hardness= 55.6 mg/L CaCO3, pH=7.7,  chlorine concentration < 0.02 mg/L 
c) Exposure Vessel Type: 2.5 L test solution in a 3L-glass vessel  
d) Nominal Concentrations (as mg/L): 100 
e) Vehicle / Solvent and Concentrations: Not used 
f) Stock Solutions Preparations and Stability: The material of a  necessary amount is dissolved to the dilution water, and  examination field liquid 10,000 mg/L is adjusted. 
g) Number of Replicates: 2  
h) Fish per Replicates: 10 
i) Renewal Rate of Test Water: water renewal; 48 hours  
j) Water Temperature: 23.9 - 24.4 degree C 
k) Lighting Condition: 16:8 hours; light-darkness cycle 
l) Feeding: Not feeding-Method of Analytical Monitoring: The tested  concentrations were measured at 0 hour and 48 hours (in advance of  test solution exchange) by gaschromatography method.
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (TWA)
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Details on results:
See Table 2.
Reported statistics and error estimates:
-Statistical Method: 
a) Data Analysis: Not described 
b) Method of Calculating Mean Measured Concentrations (i.e.arithmetic mean, geometric mean, etc.): Time-weighted means
- Measured Concentrations (as mg/L): See Table 1 
- Water  chemistry in test (O2, pH) in the control and one concentration where effects were observed: pH 6.8-7.5; DO =5.5-8.2 mg/L(Oxygen saturation level >=60 %)
- Cumulative Mortality: See Table 2
- Stastical Result: Not described
Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Table 1: Measured concentrations (as mg/L):

Nominal conc.    Measured conc. (mg/L) (Percentage of (mg/L)nominal)
-----------------------------------------------------------
                  0 hour      48 hours   Time-weighted mean
-----------------------------------------------------------
   Control        n.d.        n.d.         n.d.
-----------------------------------------------------------
    100          103(103)   99.1(99.1)   101(101)
-----------------------------------------------------------
                                           n.d.: < 2.50 mg/L



Table 2: Cumulative Mortality:

Nominal conc.         Cumulative number of dead fish
   (mg/L)                  (Percent mortality)
------------------------------------------------------------
                 0 hour    24 hours    48 hours    96 hours
------------------------------------------------------------
   Control        0(0)       0(0)        0(0)        0(0)
------------------------------------------------------------
     100          0(0)       0(0)        0(0)        0(0)
------------------------------------------------------------

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
LC50 (96h) fish is >100 mg/L.
Executive summary:

The acute aquatic toxicity to fish of 2 -hydroxyethyl methacrylate was tested in a 96-hour toxicity study in a limit test acc. OECD 203 with orange killifish (Oryzias latipes) The test was conducted under semi-static conditions (renewal at 48 hours) with 2 replicates of ten fish per replicate and at nominal concentration of 100 mg/L and a study control with water.

Aqueous samples were measured for analytical verification of test concentrations at 0 and 48 hours. The resulting time-weighted mean measured concentrations were non detectable (control) and 101 mg/L.

No fish mortality or sublethal effects were observed during the exposure. 

In this test LC50 (96h) fish is >100 mg/L.

Description of key information

In the key study 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate was tested in a limit test acc. OECD 203 under semi-static conditions with Oryzias latipes (renewal at 48 hours) with 2 replicates of ten fish per replicate and at nominal concentration of 100 mg/L and a study control with water.


Aqueous samples were measured for analytical verification of test concentrations at 0 and 48 hours. The resulting time-weighted mean measured concentrations were non detectable (control) and 101 mg/L.


No fish mortality or sublethal effects were observed during the exposure. 


LC50 (96h) fish is >100 mg/L.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect concentration:
100 mg/L

Additional information

Five acute freshwater fish studies are available for 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with three considered reliable for assessment of this endpoint. Two studies reliable were conducted with the orange killifish (Oryzias latipes), while the other study was conducted with the fathead minnow (Primephales promelas). These studies were found to be of good quality and assigned a Klimisch score of one or two. The two orange killifish studies were conducted following standard OECD guidelines and under GLP. One study was conducted under semi-static conditions for 96 hours and the second study conducted under flow-through conditions for 14-days. The fathead minnow study was conducted under flow-through conditions for 96 hours and followed ASTM guidelines but not under GLPs. The study was conducted under flow-through conditions for 96 hours. The studies concluded that the 96-hour and 14-day LC50 values for the ricefish were both >100 mg/L and the 96-hour LC50 for the fathead minnow was 227 mg/L. Since these toxicity results were from studies with different fish species and/or varying exposure periods, the lowest of the three values (>100 mg/L) was selected as the key parameter for this endpoint. 


The remaining two fish studies (supporting studies) with the golden ide (Leuciscus idus melanotus) and the goldfish (Carassius auratus) were not considered reliable for assessment. The studies were conducted under static conditions and did not follow standard test guidelines.  The golden ide study reported a 48-hour LC50 value of 360 mg/L and the goldfish study reported a 72-hour LC50 value of 374.5 mg/L, respectively.


No study is available for marine fish.