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EC number: 204-688-5 | CAS number: 124-19-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 02 December 1980 to 08 December 1980
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Meets generally accepted scientific standards with acceptable restrictions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 980
- Report date:
- 1981
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The bacterial strains tested differ slightly from the guideline.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- Study predates GLP
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Nonanal
- EC Number:
- 204-688-5
- EC Name:
- Nonanal
- Cas Number:
- 124-19-6
- Molecular formula:
- C9H18O
- IUPAC Name:
- nonanal
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): C192 SN 2188-2; Aldehyde C9 Nonylic
- Appearance: Clear colourless liquid
Method
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA-1535, TA-1537, TA-1538, TA-98 and TA-100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- liver microsomal enzyme preparations from Aroclor induced rats
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- Initial assay: 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 25.0 and 50.0 µL per plate
Definitive assay: 0, 0.0001, 0.0005, 0.001, 0.005 and 0.01 µL per plate - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Solvent used: DMSO
Controlsopen allclose all
- Untreated negative controls:
- no
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 9-aminoacridine
- Remarks:
- TA-1537: without metabolic activation; 50 µg/plate
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- sodium azide
- Remarks:
- TA-1535 and TA-100: without metabolic activation; 10 µg/plate
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 2-nitrofluorene
- Remarks:
- TA-1538 and TA-98: without metabolic activation; 10 µg/plate
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: 2-anthramine, all strains: with metabolic activation; 2.5 µg/plate
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation)
MEDIA
The bacterial strains were cultured in Oxoid Media #2 (nutrient broth). The selective medium was Vogel Bonner Medium E with 2% glucose. The overlay agar consisted of 0.6% purified agar with 0.5 mM histidine, 0.05 mM biotin and 0.1 M NaCl.
METABOLIC ACTIVATION SYSTEM
Preparation of S9 homogenate:
- A 9000xg supernatant prepared from Sprague-Dawley adult male rat liver induced by Aroclor 1254 was used in this assay.
Preparation of S9-Mix:
- S9-mix contained, per mL, 4 µmoles NADP, 5 µmoles D-glucose-6-phosphate, 100 µmoles sodium phosphate buffer pH 7.4; 8 µmoles MgCl₂, 33 µmoles KCl and 100 µL organ homogenate from rat liver (S9 fraction).
TEST PROCEDURE
a). Non-activation assay:
The following was added to a sterile 13x100 mm test tube placed in a 43 °C water bath:
- 2 mL of 0.6% agar containing 0.05 mM histidine and 0.05 mM biotin
- 0.05 mL of a solution of the test chemical to give the appropriate dose
- 0.1 - 0.2 mL of the indicator organism
- 0.5 mL of 0.2 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4
The mixture was swirled gently and then poured onto minimal agar plates. After the top agar had set, the plates were incubated at 37 °C for approximately 2 days. The number of his+ revertant colonies growing on the plates was counted and recorded.
b). Activation assay:
The activation assay was run concurrently with the non-activation assay. The only difference was the addition of 0.5 mL of S9 mix to the tubes in the place of 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer. - Evaluation criteria:
- 1). Strains TA-1535, TA-1537 and TA-1538:
If the solvent control value was within the normal range, a test material producing a positive response equal to 3 times the solvent control is considered mutagenic.
2). Strains TA-98 and TA-100:
If the solvent control value was within the normal range, a test material producing a positive response equal to twice the solvent control is considered mutagenic.
If a test material produced a response in a single test which couldn't be reproduced in additional runs, the initial positive test data loses significance.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA-1535, TA-1537, TA-1538, TA-98 and TA-100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- The test material was toxic to the strains TA-1537 and TA-1538 at doses of 0.01 µL and above and to TA-98 at doses of 1.0 µL and above.
In the initial assays, indicator strains TA-1535 and TA-100 were not used because these 2 strains were contaminated with other types of bacteria. The test was subsequently repeated with all the indicator strains in the nonactivation and activation assays and the dose range employed was from 0.0001 µL to 0.01 µL per plate based on the toxicity observed with the strains TA-537, TA-1538 and TA-98. The test material was toxic to all strains except TA-98 and TA-100 at 0.01 µL dose in the repeat test.
The results of the tests conducted on the compound in both the presence and absence of a metabolic system were negative. - Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Initial assay
Test |
Concentration (µL per plate) |
Revertants per plate |
||
TA-1537 |
TA-1538 |
TA-98 |
||
Non-activation |
||||
Solvent control |
- |
5 |
14 |
25 |
Solvent control |
- |
7 |
16 |
31 |
Positive control * |
- |
229 |
1261 |
828 |
Positive control * |
- |
234 |
1336 |
924 |
Test compound |
0.01 |
0 |
0 |
27 |
0.1 |
0 |
0 |
28 |
|
1.0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|
5.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
10.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
25.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
50.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Activation |
||||
Solvent control |
- |
9 |
25 |
32 |
Solvent control |
- |
9 |
30 |
51 |
Positive control ** |
- |
141 |
1028 |
1143 |
Positive control ** |
- |
203 |
1625 |
1193 |
Test compound |
0.01 |
3 |
18 |
24 |
0.1 |
5 |
14 |
27 |
|
1.0 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
|
5.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
10.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
25.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
50.0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
*:
TA-1537: 9-aminoacridine (50 µg/plate)
TA-1538: 2-nitrofluorene (10 µg/plate)
TA-98: 2-nitrofluorene (10 µg/plate)
**:
TA-1537: 2-anthramine (2.5 µg/plate)
TA-1538: 2-anthramine (2.5 µg/plate)
TA-98: 2-anthramine (2.5 µg/plate)
Solvent: 50 µL/plate
Table 2: Definitive assay
Test |
Concentration (µL per plate) |
Revertants per plate |
||||
TA-1535 |
TA-1537 |
TA-1538 |
TA-98 |
TA-100 |
||
Non-activation |
||||||
Solvent control |
- |
27 |
10 |
18 |
34 |
117 |
Solvent control |
- |
29 |
14 |
10 |
46 |
120 |
Positive control * |
- |
1468 |
463 |
1445 |
704 |
950 |
Positive control * |
- |
1497 |
520 |
1396 |
717 |
1075 |
Test compound |
0.0001 |
24 |
13 |
12 |
29 |
113 |
0.0005 |
22 |
9 |
13 |
22 |
123 |
|
0.001 |
27 |
11 |
16 |
27 |
124 |
|
0.005 |
21 |
9 |
18 |
31 |
120 |
|
0.01 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
21 |
86 |
|
Activation |
||||||
Solvent control |
- |
24 |
11 |
13 |
32 |
112 |
Solvent control |
- |
26 |
12 |
25 |
34 |
115 |
Positive control ** |
- |
233 |
295 |
1681 |
629 |
1852 |
Positive control ** |
- |
204 |
285 |
1135 |
1216 |
1711 |
Test compound |
0.0001 |
29 |
12 |
25 |
30 |
116 |
0.0005 |
24 |
13 |
24 |
36 |
124 |
|
0.001 |
24 |
11 |
18 |
27 |
123 |
|
0.005 |
29 |
12 |
20 |
20 |
128 |
|
0.01 |
12 |
5 |
11 |
21 |
102 |
*:
TA-1535: sodium azide (10 µg/plate)
TA-1537: 9-aminoacridine (50 µg/plate)
TA-1538: 2-nitrofluorene (10 µg/plate)
TA-98: 2-nitrofluorene (10 µg/plate)
TA-100: sodium azide (10 µg/plate)
**:
TA-1535: 2-anthramine (2.5 µg/plate)
TA-1537: 2-anthramine (2.5 µg/plate)
TA-1538: 2-anthramine (2.5 µg/plate)
TA-98: 2-anthramine (2.5 µg/plate)
TA-100: 2-anthramine (2.5 µg/plate)
Solvent: 50 µL/plate
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The test substance was assessed for genotoxicity according to OECD 471 with and without metabolic activation. The test material did not exhibit genetic activity in any of the assays conducted in this evaluation and was considered not mutagenic under the test conditions.
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