Potassium isopentyl dithiocarbonate

Acute Toxicity: oral

Administrative data

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: oral

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

3 (not reliable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: see 'Remark'

Remarks:

This study was regarded not reliable since the documentation is from read-across substance. Read-across justification: Target substance belongs into the group of substances called xanthates. The xanthates are generally prepared from the reaction of the alkoxide, which reacts with carbon disulphide to give the xanthate. These substances contain common functional group which is dithiocarbonate (-OCSS-). Though they are structural analogues with the target substance. All these analogue substances are also used in similar use application as water solutions. All xanthates decompose in the presence of water. In neutral to alkaline media, they will release carbon disulphide, particular alcohol(s) and carbonates and dithiocarbonates. Carbon disulphide is the major and the most volatile and the most hazardous decomposition product of xanthates. It is also more toxic to human health than the target substance. As the xanthates can be considered as a group of substances which have structural similarity and similar behaviour in contact with water and in the physiological processes, their irritation as well as acute and systemic adverse effects to human health are similar. Therefore, and in order to avoid the unnecessary animal testing, the read-across data from the analogue xanthates is used to evaluate the irritation, and short term and/or long-term toxicological effects of the target substance. As the target substance is an unstable compound, the apparent toxicity reflects to the toxicity of the degradation products. The selection of the most critical degradation products for the hazard assessment are based on the known decomposition reaction of the target substance and based on the physicochemical properties and toxicological properties of the degradation products. The adverse effects through inhalation route are not relevant for the substance itself, which is a solid non-volatile pellet form substance. However, the most serious human health hazards are related to CS2 released from the target substance. Therefore, the formation of carbon disulphide by decomposition is the driving force for human health hazard assessment via inhalation and taken into account in DNEL derivation and in the exposure assessment of the target substance.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Toxicology of Potassium Butyl Xanthate

Author:

Babaian, E.A.

Year:

1963

Bibliographic source:

Material from the Second Scientific conference: Dedicated to Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Safety (russian)

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The test substance was administered orally in rats. The mortality and clinical signs were recorded and LD50 value was calculated.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Potassium O-butyl dithiocarbonate

EC Number:

212-808-2

EC Name:

Potassium O-butyl dithiocarbonate

Cas Number:

871-58-9

IUPAC Name:

potassium O-butyl dithiocarbonate

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

not specified

Sex:

not specified

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

oral: unspecified

Vehicle:

not specified

Results and discussion

Effect levels

Sex:

not specified

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

411 mg/kg bw

Clinical signs:

other: Following signs of toxicity were observed after test substance administration; anxiety, irritation, cyanosis, accelerated breathing and convulsions. This was followed by weakened reaction to external stimuli, motor inactivity, relaxation of the limbs, the

Gross pathology:

The pathomorphological changes in all the organs and the nervous system were characterized by marked vacular disorders in the form of plethora, perivascular and pericellular oedema, multiple haemorrhages in the lungs, perivascular and subarachnoid haemorrhages in the brain, acute swelling of the cells of the cortex, subcortical ganglia and the brain stem. Fatty dystrophy of the liver and protein dystophy of the twisted canaliculi of the kidneys were observed.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

Toxicity Category IV

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: expert judgment

Conclusions:

Potassium butyl xanthate was administered orally in rats. The LD50 value was determined to be 411 mg/kg bw.

Executive summary:

This study was conducted for read-across substance. The study was regarded not reliable since the documentation is insufficient for assessment and was used as weight of evidence in the chemical safety assessment.