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EC number: 233-071-3 | CAS number: 10028-18-9
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
Freshwater organisms effects dataset:
Effects data sets selected: The Nickel consortium collected and screened more than 250 individual NOEC/EC10 values for quality and relevancy, which yielded 193 individual high quality data covering 30 different species. The selected data set covers 16 different families, different trophic levels and feeding.
For algae, EC10 values of Ni for chronic exposures conducted with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata ranged from 25.3 to 425 µg Ni/L, with a median value of 88.2 µg Ni/L (n = 47). Chronic growth inhibition data (EC10) are available for nine additional freshwater algae species. These EC10 values range from 12.3 µg Ni/L for Scenedesmus accumulates to 51.8 µg Ni/L for Coelastrum microporum. For higher aquatic plants, chronic effects to Lemna gibba and Lemna minor ranged between 8.2 and 80 µg Ni/L.
Chronic nickel toxicity data are available for fifteen invertebrate species. The large majority of data are from crustaceans, but data from insects, hydrozoans, and molluscs are also available. The NOEC/L(E)C10 varied between 2.8 µg/l for Ceriodaphnia dubia and 1.19 mg/l for Chironomus tentans.
Chronic nickel toxicity data are available for three species of fish, with NOEC/LC10 values ranging from 40 µg Ni/L for Brachydanio rerioto 1,100 µg Ni/L for Oncorhynchus mykiss. NOEC/L(E)C10 data are available for three species of amphibians, with values ranging from 84.5 µg Ni/L to 13.147 µg Ni/L, both values from Xenopus laevis.
In summary, NOEC/L(E)C10 values for chronic nickel toxicity to aquatic organisms range from 2.8 µg Ni/L (C. dubia) to 13,147 µg Ni/L (X. laevis)
Marine organisms effects database:
Effect data sets: The marine chronic ecotoxicity database is represented by 15 species of marine organisms from 14 families, and includes a wide range of taxonomic groups, including unicellular algae, macroalgae, crustaceans, molluscs, echinoderms, and fish. Bioavailability correction was not implemented in selecting the marine effects data.
EC10 values for four species of marine algae are reported, ranging from 97 µg Ni/L for growth of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) to 17891 µg Ni/L for growth of the dinoflagellate, Dunaliella tertiolecta.
EC10 values are reported for nine species of marine invertebrates, ranging from 22.5 µg Ni/L for reproduction of the polychaete, Neanthes arenaceodentata, to 335 µg Ni/L for development of the echinoderm, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
EC10 values are reported for two species of marine fish, ranging from 3 .6 mg Ni/L for growth of the topsmelt, Atherinops affinis, to 20.8 mg Ni/L for growth of the sheepshead minnow, Cyprinodon variegatus.
In summary, the chronic EC10 data used in the derivation of the HC5 (50%) for the marine compartment ranged from 22.5 µg Ni/L for Neanthes arenaceodentata to 20,760 µg Ni/L for Cyprinodon variegates.
Toxicity to organism | Endpoint | Value (mg/L) Ni | Value (mg/L) NiF2 |
Freshwater (acute) | |||
fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss) | LC50 (96 h) | 51 | 84 |
Invertebrates (Hyalella azteca) | EC50 | 14.6 | 24 |
Algae (Selenastrum capricornutum) | EC50 (96 h) | 123 | 203 |
Freshwater (chronic) | |||
Fish (Acipenser baerii) | NOEC (90 d) | 4 | 6.6 |
Invertebrates (Hyalella azteca) | EC25 (28 d) | 4 | 6.6 |
Algae several species | NOEC (16 d) | 50 | 82 |
No-effect freshwater | PNECfresh | 0.4* | 0.66 |
Marine water (acute) | |||
Fish (Cyprinodon variegatus) | LC50 (96 h) | > 500 | >824 |
Invertebrates (Mysidopsis bahia) | LC50 (48 h) | 10.5 | 17.3 |
Algae (Skeletonema costatum) | EC50 (96 h) | 82 | 135 |
Marine water (chronic) | |||
Fish (Mugil cephalus) | NOEC (113 d) | 5.5 | 9.1 |
Invertebrates (Grandidierella sp.) | MATC (90 d) | 4.15 | 6.8 |
algae several species | NOEC (>=16 d) | 50 | 82.4 |
No-effect marine water | PNECmarine | 0.04* | 0.07 |
*. The PNEC was derived by taking the lowest effect level observed and applying a safety factor of 10 for freshwater and 100 for marine water. These PNEC-values were calculated by the Nickel consortium and already used for the assessment of Nickel sulfate. The value valid for Nickel was transformed for Nickel fluoride just by taking into account the different molecular weights.
FOR AN EXTENSIVE DISCUSSION, REFER TO THE NICKEL SULFATE DOSSIER WHICH IS BASED ON THE CONCLUSIONS EXPLAINED IN THE 2008/2009 EUROPEAN UNION EXISITING SUBSTANCE RISK ASSESSMENT OF NICKEL (EU RAR) (EEC 793/93)
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