Potassium hydroxyoctaoxodizincatedichromate(1-)

Acute Toxicity: dermal

Administrative data

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: dermal

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Read-across from highly water soluble chromates. Comparable to guideline study. Symposium paper.

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

secondary source

Title:

Acute toxicity of chromate salts

Author:

Gad, S. C., B. J. Dunn, et al.

Year:

1986

Bibliographic source:

Serrone D. editor: Proceedings of Chromium Symposium 1986: an update., Industrial Health Foundation.

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:

a standard set of protocol for acute dermal toxicity

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

sodium chromate, sodium dichromate, potassium dichromate, ammonium dichromate

IUPAC Name:

sodium chromate, sodium dichromate, potassium dichromate, ammonium dichromate

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): sodium chromate, sodium dichromate, potassium dichromate, ammonium dichromate

Test animals

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Summit View Farms, Bellvidere, New Jersey
- Housing: individually in suspended stainless steel cages with wire mesh on the front and bottom
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Purina Rodent Chow No. 5001 ad libidum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libidum
- Acclimation period: quarantined for at least two weeks prior to study

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 72+-2 F
- Humidity (%): 50+-5
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12

Administration / exposure

Details on dermal exposure:

The test substance was applied to the skin and wetted with an equivalent amount of physiological saline.

Duration of exposure:

24 h

Doses:

1.5 and 2.0 g/kg of sodium chromate; 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g/kg of sodium dichromate, of potassium dichromate or of ammonium dichromate

No. of animals per sex per dose:

5 M / 5 F

Control animals:

yes

Results and discussion

Effect levels

Effect levels 1

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

1.6 other: g/kg

Remarks on result:

other: sodium chromate

Effect levels 2

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

1 other: g/kg

Remarks on result:

other: sodium dichromate

Effect levels 3

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

1.17 other: g/kg

Remarks on result:

other: potassium dichromate

Effect levels 4

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

1.64 other: g/kg

Remarks on result:

other: ammonium dichromate

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

relatively harmless

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: OECD GHS

Conclusions:

LD50s of highly water soluble chromates fall into category 4 'harmful in contact with skin'. This data is not suggested to be used as such in the classification of sparingly water soluble strontium chromate (dermal absorption of <1% for water soluble chromate has been identified and sparingly soluble chromates may be even less effective on skin; judgement for strontium chromate is thus 'no classification').

Executive summary:

Gad et al. (1986) studied sodium chromate, sodium dichromate, potassium dichromate and ammonium dichromate by a standard set of protocols for acute inhalation by dermal route. In a single 24 hour dermal exposure, rabbits (5 males and 5 females in each group) were exposed to the following chromium salt doses: 1.5 and 2.0 g/kg for sodium chromate, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g/kg for sodium dichromate, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g/kg for potassium dichromate, and 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g/kg for ammonium dichromate.

Numerous clinical observations were seen with all test compounds and both sexes, such as dermal necrosis, eschar formation, dermal corrosion, diarrhea, hypoacitivity and dermal edema and erythema.Single-dose dermal LD₅₀values in rabbits exposed to chromium(VI) as chromium salts ranged from 1.03 g/kg for sodium dichromate to 1.73 g/kg for sodium chromate in females and from 0.96 g/kg for sodium dichromate to 1.86 g/kg for ammonium dichromate in males.