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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Administrative data

Endpoint:
dermal absorption in vivo
Type of information:
migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Read-across to soluble chromates. Acceptable study report

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Percutaneous absorption of trivalent and hexavalent chromium. A comparative investigation in the guinea pig by means of 51Cr.
Author:
Wahlberg, J. E. and E. Skog
Year:
1965
Bibliographic source:
Arch Dermatol.92(3): 315-8.

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
no guideline followed
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Radiolabelled sodium chromate was applied to the skin of guinea pigs for 5 hours at various concentrations and measured the distribution of chromium in various organs and body fluids.
GLP compliance:
no

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Sodium chromate
EC Number:
231-889-5
EC Name:
Sodium chromate
Cas Number:
7775-11-3
Molecular formula:
CrNa2O4
IUPAC Name:
Disodium chromate
Details on test material:
Sodium chromate, analytical reagent, mallinckrodt Chemical Works, New York, USA.
Labelled with [51]Cr (Radiochemical Centre, Amersham, Buckinghamshire, Enland).
Radiolabelling:
yes

Test animals

Species:
guinea pig
Strain:
not specified
Sex:
not specified
Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
No details

Administration / exposure

Type of coverage:
not specified
Vehicle:
water
Duration of exposure:
5 hours
Doses:
0.00048, 0.005, 0.017, 0.080, 0.239, 0.261, 0.308, 0.753, 1.689 M
No. of animals per group:
10
Control animals:
no

Results and discussion

Signs and symptoms of toxicity:
not examined
Dermal irritation:
not examined
Absorption in different matrices:
Results show the distribution of chromium to the blood, spleen, bone marrow, lymph glands, urine, and kidneys after dermal penetration. Total absorption was, however, generally <1% of the total dose even at the highest dose levels (0.261-0.398 M). Compared to trivalent chromium (chromium(III)chloride) absorption of hexavalent chromium was statistically significantly higher at these higher dose levels.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:
Results show the distribution of chromium to the blood, spleen, bone marrow, lymph glands, urine, and kidneys after dermal penetration. Total absorption was, however, generally <1% of the total dose even at the highest dose levels (0.261-0.398 M). Compared to trivalent chromium (chromium(III)chloride) absorption of hexavalent chromium was statistically significantly higher at these higher dose levels.
Executive summary:

Dermal penetration of water soluble hexavalent chromium has been studied by Wahlberg and Skog (1965) who applied radiolabelled sodium chromate to the skin of guinea pigs for 5 hours at various concentrations and measured the distribution of chromium in various organs and body fluids. Results show the distribution of chromium to the blood, spleen, bone marrow, lymph glands, urine, and kidneys after dermal penetration. Total absorption was, however, generally <1% of the total dose even at the highest dose levels (0.261-0.398 M). Compared to trivalent chromium (chromium(III)chloride) absorption of hexavalent chromium was statistically significantly higher at these higher dose levels.