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EC number: 203-214-4 | CAS number: 104-57-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- from 2000-02-28 to 2000-03-08
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 000
- Report date:
- 2000
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Version / remarks:
- , 1987
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Version / remarks:
- , 1997
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Benzyl formate
- EC Number:
- 203-214-4
- EC Name:
- Benzyl formate
- Cas Number:
- 104-57-4
- Molecular formula:
- C8H8O2
- IUPAC Name:
- benzyl formate
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- other: SPF albino rabbit
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Weight at study initiation: 2.2 - 2.6 kg bw
- Housing: The rabbits were caged individually in PPO cages (floor area: 2576 cm²) with perforated floor
- Diet: A pelleted complete rabbit diet "Altromin 2123" from Altromin, D-32791 Lage, Lippe, was available ad libitum.
- Water: The animals had free access to bottles with domestic quality drinking water acidified with hydrochloric acid to pH 2.5 in order to prevent microbial growth.
- Acclimation period: At least one week.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature: 20 +/- 3 °C
- Humidity: 55 +/- 15 %
- Air changes: 10 times/hour
- Photoperiod: 12 hours light and 12 hours darkness (light was on from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m.)
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- other: the untreated right eye of the same animal served as control
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied: 0.1 mL - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Single treatment, eyelids were held together for about 1 second.
- Observation period (in vivo):
- 7 days, assessment of damage/irritation was made 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours following treatment.
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 4
- Details on study design:
- 0.1 mL of the test article was placed in the left eye of the rabbits by gently pulling the lower lid away from the eyeball to form a cup into which the test article was dropped. The lids were then gently held together for 1 second. The eyes were examined and the grade of ocular reaction was recorded one hour and 24 hours later. After the first 24 hour reading Fluorescein was instilled. After rinsing with 20 mL 0.9 % sodium chloride solution the eye were examined again using UV-light to detect possible corneal damage. The eyes were also examined 48 and 72 hours as well as 7 days after the treatment.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0.7
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 hours
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0.7
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 h
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 1.7
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 d
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #4
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 1.7
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 d
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0.3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 h
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0.7
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 h
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #4
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0.3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 h
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #4
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0.7
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 h
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #4
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0.3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 h
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading after instillation of Fluorescein
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0.7
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading after instillation of Fluorescein
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 7 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading after instillation of Fluorescein
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #4
- Time point:
- other: mean 24, 48, 72 h
- Score:
- 0.7
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading after instillation of Fluorescein
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- A test was conducted to assess the eye irritating potential of the test item to rabbits' eyes. Four rabbits were used. As a result, the substance was considered to be non irritating to eyes.
- Executive summary:
A test was conducted to assess the eye irritating potential ot the test item to rabbits' eyes. Four SPF albino rabbit were used. The study was performed in accordance to GLP and OECD Guideline 405. After a single application of 0.1 mL of the test item, the animals were observed for a period of 7 days and eye reactions were recorded at 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours. The mean scores for cornea opacity calculated for the time points 24, 48 and 72 hours were 0, 0, 0.7 and 0.3 for animal 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Iris mean scores were 0 for each of the four animals. The conjunctiva scores were calculated to be 0.7, 0.7, 1.7, 1.7 and chemosis scores were 0, 0.3, 0.7, 0.3. All findings were reversible within the observation period of 7 days. On the basis of four results, the substance is considered to be non irritating to the rabbits' eyes.
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