Cadmium hydroxide

Additional toxicological data

Administrative data

Endpoint:

additional toxicological information

Type of information:

other: Review

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

other: Not applicable

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Review of existing genotoxicity data on cadmium and cadmium compounds by Prof. Parry, SAFECHEM Independent Consultants in Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, UK

Cross-reference

Cross-reference 1

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Cross-reference 2

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

review article or handbook

Title:

A review of the genotoxicity of cadmium compounds

Author:

Parry JM and Parry EM

Year:

2009

Bibliographic source:

Review conducted for the International Zinc Association

Materials and methods

Type of study / information:

Review of existing studies on in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity of cadmium

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Not applicable

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Cadmium hydroxide

EC Number:

244-168-5

EC Name:

Cadmium hydroxide

Cas Number:

21041-95-2

Molecular formula:

CdH2O2

IUPAC Name:

cadmium hydroxide

Details on test material:

Not applicable

Results and discussion

Any other information on results incl. tables

None

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Cadmium compounds have been shown to induce genetic changes both in vitro and in vivo. There is considerable evidence to suggest that that the primary mechanism of genotoxicity is based upon the production of oxidative lesions.On the assumption of an oxidative mechanism for the genotoxicity of cadmium compounds we can predict that there may be thresholds of genotoxicity at low doses where DNA repair enzymes remove lesions thus reducing the potential for genetic changes in cells and animals.

However, there are some studies which indicate that cadmium compounds inhibit repair activity which may limit activity within potential thresholded regions of the dose response curve.

Executive summary:

Cadmium compounds have been shown to induce genetic changes both in vitro and in vivo. There is considerable evidence to suggest that that the primary mechanism of genotoxicity is based upon the production of oxidative lesions.On the assumption of an oxidative mechanism for the genotoxicity of cadmium compounds we can predict that there may be thresholds of genotoxicity at low doses where DNA repair enzymes remove lesions thus reducing the potential for genetic changes in cells and animals.

However, there are some studies which indicate that cadmium compounds inhibit repair activity which may limit activity within potential thresholded regions of the dose response curve.