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EC number: 237-163-4 | CAS number: 13676-54-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 25 June to 12 July 2012
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- June 2011
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: The test substance is poorly soluble in water. At test initiation weights of the test substance were added directly to the required test bottles followed by RO water (284 mL).
- Controls: control containing activated sludge only; positive control (3,5-DCP).
- An antifoam agent (silicone oil in water) was added to all bottles, 100 uL in 500 mL. - Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge of a predominantly domestic sewage
- Details on inoculum:
- - A sample of activated sludge was obtained the day before the start of the test from Worlingworth Sewage Treatment Works (Suffolk, UK), which treats predominantly domestic waste.
- Laboratory culture: In the laboratory, the sample was maintained under aerobic conditions until required.
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: On the day of collection, an aliquot (10 mL) of the activated sludge was filtered through a dried and preweighed Whatman GF/C filter paper, which was then dried again at approximately 105℃ for at least one hour, allowed to cool in a desiccator and reweighed. The mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) content of the activated sludge was then calculated. Synthetic sewage (50 mL/L) was added to the stock of activated sludge and this was aerated overnight.
- Pretreatment: On the day of the test, the MLSS content of the sludge was determined (in triplicate) and adjusted to 4 g/L by the addition of tap water. The pH and temperature of the sludge were also measured. Aliquots (200 mL) were then added to each mixture to give a final MLSS concentration of 1.6 g/L. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- At the end of 3-hour exposure period the aeration was discontinued and the headspace of each bottle was flushed with nitrogen for 15-minutes while oxygen measurements were made.
- Test temperature:
- 20.6 - 20.9 ℃
- pH:
- Initial: 7.10 - 7.28
Final: 7.53 - 7.81 - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 10, 30, 100, 300 and 1000 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 500 mL bottles fitted with an oxygen probe, a sinter to deliver air and a nitrogen gas nozzle.
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 5
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 5
- No. of vessels per reference substance: 2 for control, 1 for each concentration.
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: The dilution water used to prepare solutions of test mixtures, synthetic sewage and the reference substance was reverse osmosis (RO) water.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 10, 100 and 1000 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: The results of this showed no significant inhibition of the mean respiration rate at 10 mg/L. At 100 and 1000 mg/L, mean respiration rates were decreased by 26% and 54% respectively. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-dichlorophenol
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 30 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Details on results:
- There was no significant inhibition of the respiration rates of activated sludge at nominal concentrations of 10 and 30 mg/L. The mean respiration rates of samples of sludge at nominal concentrations of 100, 300 and 1000 mg/L were decreased by 28%, 34% and 47%, respectively. The 20% effect concentration (EC20) was 64.5 mg/L (95% confidence intervals 19.6 and 212 mg/L). Statistical analysis of the data gave a 50% effect concentration (EC50) of 783 mg/L, however as the 95% confidence intervals for this were considered exceptionally wide (423 and 1148 mg/L) this value was not considered accurate. Therefore, the EC50 for BMI was considered to be approximately 1000 mg/L based on the level of inhibition (47%) observed at this concentration. The 80% effect concentrations (EC80) could not be calculated as it was higher than 1000 mg/L. The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) for BMI was 30 mg/L.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The three-hour EC50 for 3,5-DCP (7.18 mg/L) fulfilled the validity criterion relating to sensitivity to inhibition (acceptable EC50 range 2 to 25 mg/L). The validity criterion relating to the respiration rates in the control (specific respiration rate ≥20 mgO2/gh and a coefficient of variation of ≤30%) were also satisfied.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Where possible, the EC20, EC50 and EC80 (and 95% confidence intervals) and no observed effect concentration (NOEC) of the test substance were calculated with the Williams' Test, using SAFEstat programme SAS Proc NLIN (SAS Institute, 2002).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See 'Overall remarks' section for details on validity criteria.
- Conclusions:
- The EC50 was considered to be approximately 1000 mg/L. The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) for the test substance was 30 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
An Activated Sludge Respiration Inhibition Test (ASRIT) was conducted to determine the effect of BMI on microorganisms. The test was conducted according to OECD test guideline 209, and in compliance with GLP.
Activated sludge was taken from a sewage treatment plant which treated predominantly domestic waste. Cultures were exposed to BMI at concentrations of 10, 30, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/L for 3 hours. There was no significant inhibition of the respiration rates of activated sludge at nominal concentrations of 10 and 30 mg/L. The mean respiration rates of samples of sludge at nominal concentrations of 100, 300 and 1000 mg/L were decreased by 28%, 34% and 47%, respectively. The 20% effect concentration (EC20) was 64.5 mg/L. The 50% and 80% effect concentrations (EC50 and EC80) could not be accurately calculated; based on the levels of inhibition observed, the EC50 is approximately 1000 mg/L. The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) for BMI was 30 mg/L. The test met all validity criteria and is considered reliable without restriction.
Reference
Nominal BMI concentration (mg/L) |
Sample size |
Mean specific respiration rate (Rs mgO2/gh) |
% Inhibition |
Control |
4 |
25.1 |
0.00 |
10 |
5 |
27.0 |
-7.60 |
30 |
5 |
23.0 |
8.56 |
100 |
5 |
18.1 |
27.9* |
300 |
5 |
16.5 |
34.2* |
1000 |
5 |
13.3 |
47.0* |
*: statistically significantly different from control, p<0.001
Description of key information
3 hr EC50 estimated to be 1000 mg/L
3 hr NOEC 30 mg/L
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:
- 30 mg/L
Additional information
An Activated Sludge Respiration Inhibition Test (ASRIT) was conducted to determine the effect of BMI on microorganisms. The test was conducted according to OECD test guideline 209, and in compliance with GLP.
Activated sludge was taken from a sewage treatment plant which treated predominantly domestic waste. Cultures were exposed to BMI at concentrations of 10, 30, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/L for 3 hours.There was no significant inhibition of the respiration rates of activated sludge at nominal concentrations of 10 and 30 mg/L. The mean respiration rates of samples of sludge at nominal concentrations of 100, 300 and 1000 mg/L were decreased by 28%, 34% and 47%, respectively. The 20% effect concentration (EC20) was 64.5 mg/L. The 50% and 80% effect concentrations (EC50 and EC80) could not be accurately calculated; based on the levels of inhibition observed, the EC50 is approximately 1000 mg/L.The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) for BMI was 30 mg/L.The test met all validity criteria and is considered reliable without restriction.
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