Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT), synthetic graphite in tubular shape

Nanomaterial crystalline phase

Administrative data

Endpoint:

nanomaterial crystalline phase

Remarks:

NC7000 XRD

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

accepted calculation method

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

- Principle of test: X-Ray difffraction
- Short description of test conditions: The diffractogram was acquired in θ/2θ mode using the Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1,5406 nm).
The angular range scan ranged from 10° to 60°, with an angular step of 0.016° and an acquisition time of 1 s.
- Parameters analysed / observed:

GLP compliance:

no

Type of method:

x-ray diffraction (XRD)

Details on methods and data evaluation:

The diffraction pattern of the powder was recorded. No additional modification was performed on the recorded diagram.

Sampling:

Preparation of test samples and references (including the use of energy and dispersants):
The CNT sample was first grinded into a very fine powder using a mortar and pestle, then it was dispersed in a uniform layer on an amorphous silica plate using pure ethanol.
After complete drying the sample was positioned in the goniometer of the apparatus.

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

carbon

EC Number:

936-414-1

Molecular formula:

C

IUPAC Name:

carbon

Test material form:

solid: nanoform, no surface treatment

Details on test material:

- State of aggregation: entangled nanotubes, as described in Section 4.28.1
- Particle size distribution: entangled nanotubes, as described in Section 1.2, 1.4. and 4.28.1.
- Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD): As the product tends to agglomerate this depends on the testing conditions. See Section 4.
- Geometric standard deviation (GSD): Depends on the testing conditions. See Section 4.
- Shape of particles:nanotubes, aspect ratio of ~163:1
- Surface area of particles: 250 - 300 m²/g (BET)
- Crystal structure: graphite.
- Coating: None
- Surface properties: No functionalization intended.
- Density: May vary depending on the batch number. Available information is reported in the Confidential details on test material for each study.
- Moisture content: Not determined. May vary depending on the batch number.
- Residual solvent: Not applicable.
- Activation: Not applicable.
- Stabilisation: Not applicable.
- Other: Not applicable.

Data gathering

Instruments:

The diffraction pattern of the powder was recorded on a D8 ADVANCE apparatus (BRUKER) equipped with a Vantec detector.

Results and discussion

Crystalline phase

Key result

Common name:

graphite

Crystallographic composition:

The multi-walled carbon nanotubes present graphite like structure, identified by X-ray diffraction. Typical X-ray diffraction spectra are presented hereafter. They clearly show the presence of interlayer spacing similar to those of graphite (two main rays at 2θ= about 25 and about 44) as well as rays corresponding to the hexagonal arrangements.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

The multi-walled carbon nanotubes present graphite like structure, identified by X-ray diffraction. Typical X-ray diffraction spectra clearly show the presence of interlayer spacing similar to those of graphite (two main rays at 2θ = about 25 and about 44) as well as rays corresponding to the hexagonal arrangements.

Executive summary:

The multi-walled carbon nanotubes present graphite like structure identified by X-ray diffraction.