Esterification products of Guerbet alcohols, C24-26, branched and cyclic with benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid 1,2-anhydride (3:1)

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

Administrative data

Endpoint:

in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

September - October 2018

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Remarks:

GLP compliant

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2018

Report date:

2018

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)

Version / remarks:

from July 21, 1997

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

Certificate of Compliance with Good Laboratory Practices according to Directives 2004/9/CE and 2004/10/CE, Groupe Interministeriel des Produits Chimiques, Republique Francaise, Certificat n°: 2016/48, dated 2 Nov 2016

Type of assay:

bacterial reverse mutation assay

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Esterification products of Guerbet alcohols, C24-26, branched and cyclic with benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid 1,2-anhydride (3:1)

EC Number:

949-745-1

Molecular formula:

not applicable UVCB

IUPAC Name:

Esterification products of Guerbet alcohols, C24-26, branched and cyclic with benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid 1,2-anhydride (3:1)

Test material form:

liquid

Specific details on test material used for the study:

SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: delivered from Sponsor, BATCH: 05347/MA
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: June 2022

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature (15 - 25°C), non hygroscopic
- Stability: stable under storage conditions
- Solubility and stability of the test substance in the solvent/vehicle: soluble in DMSO, test solutions used immediately after preparation, no further details mentioned
- Reactivity of the test substance with the solvent/vehicle of the cell culture medium: no data

Method

Target gene:

his D, his C, his G, tryp E

Species / strain

Species / strain / cell type:

S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and E. coli WP2

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Metabolic activation system:

S9 microsome fraction prepared from Sprague Dawley rat liver homogenate, Aroclor 1254 induced

Test concentrations with justification for top dose:

50, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 µg/plate with and without S9 mix, top dose chosen according to guideline

Vehicle / solvent:

- Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: DMSO
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: test item is despersible in DMSO

Controls

Untreated negative controls:

yes

Remarks:

absolute negative control containing no test item; negative controls with solvents used to solubilize positive controls (Acetone, DMSO, NaCl 0.15 M)

Negative solvent / vehicle controls:

yes

Remarks:

vehicle used to solubilize test item (DMSO)

True negative controls:

no

Positive controls:

yes

Positive control substance:

7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene

9-aminoacridine

2-nitrofluorene

sodium azide

other: cis-Platinum (II) Diammine Dichloride, CAS 15663-27-1: 1 µg/plate, E. coli, without S9; 2-anthramine, CAS 613-13-8: 2 µg/plate, TA 98, 100, 1535, 1537, with S9 (plate incorporation); 1 µg/plate, TA 98, 100, 1535, 1537, with S9 (pre-incubation)

Details on test system and experimental conditions:

METHOD OF APPLICATION:
1st assay:
- without metabolic activation: in agar (plate incorporation),
- with metabolic activation: in agar (plate incorporation)
2nd assay:
- without metbolic activation: in agar (plate incorporation),
- with metabolic activation: pre-incubation

DURATION
- Preincubation period: 30 min (at 37°C, with shaking)
- Exposure duration: 48-72 h

NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 3 plates per experimental point

DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: Bacteriostatic activity was tested in all concentrations in strain TA 100 in a preliminary cytotoxicity experiment: percent of survival in the plates treated with test item concentrations compared to negative control colonies was measured.

Evaluation criteria:

Study was judged to be valid if the following criteria were met:
- the bacteriostatic activity of the highest concentration tested is equal of less than 75%,
- the spontaneous reversion rate of the absolute negative control complies with the historical values of the laboratory,
- the spontaneous reversion rate of the solvent is not statistically different from absolute negative control,
- the mean number of revertant colonies obtained for each strain and the corresponding positive control, with and/or without metabolic activation complies with the historical values of the laboratory,
- negative and positive values don't show significant difference with the historical values of the laboratory (± 2 standard deviations).

Criteria for mutagenic activity in this assay:
The result of the test is considered as negative, if the revertant number is below three fold the number of spontaneous reversions, for TA 1535 and TA 1537 strains, and below two fold the number of spontaneous reversions for TA 98, TA 100 and Escherichia coli WP2 (uvrA-)(pKM101) strains without and with metabolic activation.
The result of the test is considered positive if a dependent relationship concentration is obtained in one, or several of the 5 strains, without and/or with metabolic activation, a mutagenic effect being taken into account for a given dilution of test item if the number of revertant colonies is at least two fold that of spontaneous revertant colonies for TA 98, TA 100 and Escherichia coli WP2 (uvrA-)(pKM101), and three fold for TA 1535 and TA 1537.
All results must be confirmed in an independent experiment.

Statistics:

Mean values of replicates with standard deviations were calculated.

Results and discussion

Test results

Test results 1

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 1535

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 2

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 1537

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 3

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 98

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 4

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 100

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 5

Key result

Species / strain:

E. coli WP2 uvr A pKM 101

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Additional information on results:

RANGE-FINDING/SCREENING STUDIES: Results of the bacteriostatic activity control testing show that neither original solution nor dilutions have bacteriostatic effect.

HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA (with number of experiments, ranges, means and standard deviation)

POSITIVE HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA
TA 1535:
- without metabolic activation, plate incorporation, Sodium Azide: n=1017, range: 190 - 1487, mean: 431.5 ± 220.2
- with metabolic activation, plate incorporation, 2-Anthramine: n=546, range: 26 - 269, mean: 190.2 ± 56.0
- with metabolic activation, pre-incubation, 2-Anthramine: n=540, range: 25 - 217, mean: 75.6 ± 37.0
TA 1537:
- without metabolic activation, plate incorporation, 9-Aminoacridine: n=1017, range: 219 - 1967, mean: 876.5 ± 448.3
- with metabolic activation, plate incorporation, 2-Anthramine: n=546, range: 24 - 170, mean: 55.1 ± 24.7
- with metabolic activation, pre-incubation, 2-Anthramine: n=540, range: 21 - 182, mean: 48.0 ± 23.7
TA 98:
- without metabolic activation, plate incorporation, 2-Nitrofluorene: n=1017, range: 187 - 1667, mean: 496.3 ± 219.9
- with metabolic activation, plate incorporation, 2-Anthramine: n=546, range: 219 - 1499, mean: 572.9 ± 222.1
- with metabolic activation, pre-incubation, 2-Anthramine: n=540, range: 174 - 1368, mean: 462.2 ± 192.3
TA 100:
- without metabolic activation, plate incorporation, Sodium Azide: n=1017, range: 381 - 1690, mean: 991.8 ± 331.2
- with metabolic activation, plate incorporation, 2-Anthramine: n=543, range: 361 - 2163, mean: 846.8 ± 359.5
- with metabolic activation, pre-incubation, 2-Anthramine: n=543, range: 309 - 1889, mean: 668.8 ± 309.4
Escherichia coli WP2 (pKM101)(uvr A-)
- without metabolic activation, plate incorporation, cis-Platinium (II) Diamine Dichloride: n=777, range: 248 - 1089, mean: 484.6 ± 168.2
- with metabolic activation, plate incorporation, Dimethyl Benzanthracene: n=402, range: 365 - 1680, mean: 686.5 ± 253.3
- with metabolic activation, pre-incubation, Dimethyl Benzanthracene: n=402, range: 281 - 1680, mean: 670.0 ± 232.0

NEGATIVE (SOLVENT/VEHICLE) HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA
TA 1535:
- without metabolic activation, plate incorporation: n=1017, range: 4 - 23, mean: 11.0 ± 3.6
- with metabolic activation, plate incorporation: n=546, range: 3 - 23, mean: 12.2 ± 4.1
- with metabolic activation, pre-incubation: n=540, range: 5 - 25, mean: 12.8 ± 4.3
TA 1537:
- without metabolic activation, plate incorporation: n=1017, range: 1 - 20, mean: 6.0 ± 2.5
- with metabolic activation, plate incorporation: n=546, range: 1 - 24, mean: 8.1 ± 3.5
- with metabolic activation, pre-incubation: n=540, range: 1 - 21, mean: 8.2 ± 3.3
TA 98:
- without metabolic activation, plate incorporation: n=1017, range: 6 - 29, mean: 16.0 ± 3.9
- with metabolic activation, plate incorporation: n=546, range: 11 - 38, mean: 23.2 ± 5.0
- with metabolic activation, pre-incubation: n=540, range: 10 - 36, mean: 23.1 ± 5.4
TA 100:
- without metabolic activation, plate incorporation: n=1017, range: 40 - 123, mean: 59.8 ± 11.8
- with metabolic activation, plate incorporation: n=543, range: 55 - 189, mean: 96.2 ± 22.3
- with metabolic activation, pre-incubation: n=540, range: 51 - 189, mean: 95.7 ± 23.9
Escherichia coli WP2 (pKM101)(uvr A-)
- without metabolic activation, plate incorporation: n=777, range: 41 - 188, mean: 83.6 ± 34.2
- with metabolic activation, plate incorporation: n=402, range: 80 - 264, mean: 156.8 ± 34.6
- with metabolic activation, pre-incubation: n=402, range: 69 - 250, mean: 158.8 ± 35.9

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table #1: Assay n°1, without metabolic activation, plate incorporation
Concentration [µg/plate]	Revertant colonies / plate
	TA 98		TA 100		TA 1535		TA 1537		E. coli WP2 uvrA
	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R
Negative control	917.67 ± 2.08	-	67.67 ± 4.93	-	9.33 ± 3.06	-	5.00 ± 2.00	-	145.67 ± 25.50	-
Vehicle (DMSO)	16.67 ± 0.58	-	64.67 ± 2.08	-	10.67 ± 2.08	-	6.67 ± 1.53	-	153.67 ± 15.50	-
50	15.33 ± 3.21	0.92	58.33 ± 4.04	0.90	8.67 2.52	0.81	4.00 ± 0.00	0.60	115.67 ± 9.02	0.75
150	13.67 ± 2.52	0.82	57.67 ± 4.51	0.89	12.00 ± 2.65	1.13	6.67 ± 0.58	1.00	139.33 ± 19.86	0.91
500	14.00 ± 1.00	0.84	60.00 ± 3.00	0.93	9.67 ± 4.73	0.91	8.67 ± 1.53	1.30	115.33 ± 5.51	0.75
1500	13.67 ± 5.86	0.82	60.67 ± 1.53	0.94	9.33 ± 1.53	0.88	3.33 ± 2.31	0.50	142.33 ± 10.79	0.93
5000	17.33 ± 6.11	1.04	55.00 ± 4.00	0.85	9.00 ± 2.65	0.84	7.00 ± 1.00	1.05	118.33 ± 11.55	0.77
Positive control solvent	17.33 ± 3.21	-	64.00 ± 3.61	-	8.67 ± 2.08	-	9.33 ± 0.58	-	139.00 ± 25.87	-
Positive control	523.33 ± 83.48	30.19	1306.67 ± 67.83	20.42	910.67 ± 113.00	105.08	1366.33 ± 154.67	146.39	517.67 ± 40.65	3.72

Table #2: Assay n°1, with metabolic activation (10% S9 mix), plate incorporation
Concentration [µg/plate]	Revertant colonies / plate
	TA 98		TA 100		TA 1535		TA 1537		E. coli WP2 uvrA
	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R
Negative control	29.00 ± 3.00	-	95.00 ± 7.00	-	14.33 ± 3.51	-	9.67 ± 2.52	-	209.67 ± 27.54	-
Vehicle (DMSO)	25.67 ± 2.08	-	84.67 ± 9.29	-	16.33 ± 1.53	-	10.00 ± 3.00	-	213.00 ± 28.05	-
50	25.67 ± 5.03	1.00	78.00 ± 8.54	0.92	13.67 ± 3.51	0.84	10.33 ± 4.04	1.03	211.67 ± 13.65	0.99
150	24.33 ± 2.52	0.95	79.33 ± 9.02	0.94	13.00 ± 3.46	0.80	10.00 ± 3.46	1.00	209.00 ± 16.46	0.98
500	30.00 ± 2.00	1.17	74.67 ± 1.53	0.88	15.00 ± 1.00	0.92	15.00 ± 2.65	1.50	207.33 ± 19.76	0.97
1500	25.67 ± 0.58	1.00	77.00 ± 6.24	0.91	12.33 ± 4.51	0.76	10.67 ± 2.08	1.07	205.33 ± 9.71	0.96
5000	27.33 ± 3.21	1.06	72.67 ± 2.52	0.86	13.00 ± 1.73	0.80	12.33 ± 2.52	1.23	203.67 ± 13.32	0.96
Positive control solvent	24.67 ± 6.11	-	80.33 ± 6.43	-	19.67 ± 5.13	-	10.67 ± 1.53	-	219.00 ± 17.06	-
Positive control	578.33 ± 69.57	23.45	660.00 ± 26.51	8.22	110.67 ± 24.54	5.63	57.33 ± 4.16	5.38	1002.67 ± 114.77	4.58

Table #3: Assay n°2, without metabolic activation, plate incorporation
Concentration [µg/plate]	Revertant colonies / plate
	TA 98		TA 100		TA 1535		TA 1537		E. coli WP2 uvrA
	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R
Negative control	17.33 ± 3.51	-	92.00 ± 11.14	-	7.67 ± 0.58	-	9.00 ± 2.65	-	136.33 ± 5.13	-
Vehicle (DMSO)	19.00 ± 2.00	-	83.33 ± 5.51	-	10.33 ± 2.31	-	9.00 ± 1.00	-	142.67 ± 3.21	-
50	16.67 ± 2.08	0.88	75.33 ± 5.03	0.90	12.33 ± 0.58	1.19	7.33 ± 3.21	0.81	128.33 ± 9.29	0.90
150	14.33 ± 0.58	0.75	72.33 ± 3.06	0.87	11.00 ± 1.00	1.06	11.67 ± 3.21	1.30	133.00 ± 7.21	0.93
500	17.67 ± 1.53	0.93	77.00 ± 5.57	0.92	9.67 ± 3.06	0.94	5.00 ± 2.08	0.59	134.00 ± 11.36	0.94
1500	19.33 ± 3.51	1.02	74.67 ± 2.52	0.90	10.33 ± 3.51	1.00	7.00 ± 3.21	0.81	127.00 ± 4.36	0.89
5000	19.67 ± 1.53	1.04	65.00 ± 6.00	0.78	9.33 ± 3.21	0.90	8.67 ± 3.06	0.96	133.00 ± 9.54	0.93
Positive control solvent	20.33 ± 4.16	-	88.00 ± 6.56	-	10.00 ± 2.00	-	7.67 ± 1.15	-	145.33 ± 22.55	-
Positive control	456.00 ± 34.37	22.43	1252.33 ± 110.01	14.23	957.33 ± 44.50	95.73	906.33 ± 17.01	118.22	556.00 ± 22.87	3.83

Table #4: Assay n° 2, with metabolic activation (10% S9 mix), pre-incubation
Concentration [µg/plate]	Revertant colonies / plate
	TA 98		TA 100		TA 1535		TA 1537		E. coli WP2 uvrA
	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R	mean±SD	R
Negative control	25.33 ± 1.53	-	89.67 ± 15.14	-	11.00 ± 4.00	-	11.33 ± 0.58	-	213.67 ± 20.74	-
Vehicle (DMSO)	30.67 ± 1.15	-	102.00 ± 7.55	-	12.67 ± 5.51	-	9.00 ± 2.00	-	221.33 ± 6.66	-
50	28.00 ± 6.24	0.91	92.33 ± 5.13	0.91	11.00 ± 1.73	0.87	13.33 ± 2.31	1.48	205.33 ± 2.08	0.93
150	28.33 ± 4.73	0.92	86.33 ± 8.02	0.85	10.00 ± 4.57	0.79	10.33 ± 1.53	1.15	202.67 ± 6.66	0.92
500	30.67 ± 6.11	1.00	87.33 ± 5.13	0.86	11.33 ± 3.21	0.89	13.00 ± 3.00	1.44	196.00 ± 8.89	0.89
1500	28.33 ± 2.08	0.92	88.67 ± 12.74	0.87	12.33 ± 4.93	0.97	10.33 ± 2.08	1.15	199.00 ± 6.24	0.90
5000	27.67 ± 5.86	0.90	85.67 ± 2.08	0.84	15.67 ± 4.93	1.24	13.33 ± 2.52	1.48	199.33 ± 6.03	0.90
Positive control solvent	26.67 ± 4.62	-	92.67 ± 1.53	-	11.33 ± 5.86	-	10.67 ± 6.43	-	216.33 ± 19.86	-
Positive control	238.00 ± 56.79	8.93	310.00 ± 18.52	3.35	183.67 ± 15.01	16.21	48.33 ± 5.03	4.53	763.67 ± 62.94	3.53

SD = Standard deviation; R = Number of revertant colonies in the presence of the test item/ Number of revertant colonies in the absence of the test item

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Doses (50, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 µg/plate) performed from solution of the test item did not induce any mutagenic change in Salmonella typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and in Escherichia coli WP2(uvrA-)(pKM101) without, or with metabolic activation, according to the OECD Guideline n°471.

Executive summary:

A bacterial reverse mutation test using Salmonella typhimurium his- and Escherichia coli WP2 (uvrA-)(pKM101) was performed according to OECD Guideline n°471 in compliance with Good Laboratory Practices (GLP).

Solutions obtained from the test item have been tested for their capacity to induce reverse mutation in four Salmonella typhimurium strains and one Escherichia coli WP2 (uvrA-)(pKM101) strain. This study was performed in the absence and presence of metabolic activation. Two independent assays were carried out. For assay n°1, various concentrations were put in contact with the strains in the absence and presence of a metabolic activation system (S9 -mix 10% (v/v)). For assay n°2, various concentrations were put in contact with test strains in absence and presence of a metabolic activation system (S9 -mix 10%(v/v)). For the two assays, negative and postive controls were carried out in parallel. Positive controls induced a significant increase in the number of revertant colonies compared to negative controls. There was no siginificant difference between the number of spontaneous reversions, the number of reversions obtained in the prositive controls (without and with metabolic activation), and the mean of corresponding experimental "historical" values obtained in the laboratory. These results validated the two tests. There was no evidence of any increase in the number of revertant colonies in the presence of the various concentrations of the test item (50, 150, 500, 1500, and 5000 µg/plate), without and with metabolic activation in Salmonella typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100, and in Escherichia coli WP2 (uvrA-)(pKM101). The test item was judged to be non-mutagenic in this test system under the described conditions.