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EC number: 943-366-5 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
PBT assessment
Administrative data
PBT assessment: overall result
- PBT status:
- the substance is not PBT / vPvB
- Justification:
The substance is a UVCB substance. At start of the reaction adipic acid (solid) and excess of acetic anhydride (liquid) are mixed under nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction will take place for few hours at > 60 deg. C. At the equilibrium, the reaction mixture contains adipic acid, dianhydride with bis(acetic acid) (EC 253-964-1)(50-62 % w/w), acetic acid (EC200-580-7)(30-35 % w/w), acetic anhydride (EC203-564-8) (5-10 % w/w), adipic anhydride (EC 218-001-1) (0-2 % w/w), and oligomeric adipic anhydrides (0-2 % w/w). The exact composition is dependent on the reaction temperature and the concentration of the starting materials.
P
The intrinsic properties of the UVCB substance are related to the most hazardous component, acetic anhydride. Bio-degradation is an important fate process for the substance. Acetic anhydride will rapidly hydrolyse (t1/24.4 min) to acetic acid. Adipic acid anhydrides decompose rapidly to acetic acid and adipic acid. One of the screening criteria for persistence (P) is that if a substance is considered to be readily biodegradable. Various studies indicate that acetic acid is readily biodegradable in water (e.g. Malaney, GW and Gerhold, RM, 1969, and Price et al, 1974). Biodegradation screening tests indicate that adipic acid is readily biodegradable in soil and water (OECD SIDS, 2004). Based on the chemical composition and the rapid hydrolysis of the target substance it is not considered as persistent (P) or very persistent (vP).
B
The bioconcentration factors and log Kow values were estimated for acetic anhydride and for the hydrolysis products of the target substance ie. acetic acid and adipic acid. Substance fulfils the bioaccumulation criterion (B) when the Bioconcentration factor is higher than 2000. Furthermore, for organic substances with a Log Kow value below 4.5 it is assumed that the affinity for the lipids of an organism is insufficient to exceed the B criterion, i.e. a BCF value of 2000.
The calculated log Kow of acetic anhydride is -0.58 which is lower than the screening criteria and Log Kow of acetic acid is -0.17 suggesting the low potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms.
The bioconcentration factor BCF=3 for adipic acid calculated from the octanol-water partition coefficient indicates that there is only a low potential for bioaccumulation (OECD; SIDS, 2004).
On the basis of this screening assessment the target substance is not considered to be bioaccumulative (B) or very bioaccumulative (vB).
T
Acetic anhydride will rapidly hydrolyse to acetic acid upon exposure to the aquatic environment. It was therefore appropriate to base the toxicity assessment on acetic acid. None of the studies evaluated for acetic acid meet the toxicity (T) screening criteria ie. NOEC or EC50 values are lower than 0.01 mg/L OECD; SIDS (1997). Therefore, acetic anhydride or acetic acid is not considered to be toxic (T) on the basis of the screening criterion. Also, available data do not indicate adipic acid to be considered as toxic (T) OECD; SIDS (2004).
This target substance does not meet the criteria for classification for carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic to reproduction. Furthermore, there is no other evidence of chronic toxicity as the substance does not meet the criteria for classification for target organ toxicity after repeated exposure (STOT-RE).
Therefore, the target substance, reaction products of acetic anhydride and adipic acid, does not meet the toxicity criterion (T)
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