Tin disulphide

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Justification for type of information:

For tin disulfide an algal study is available. This study demonstrated that the tin sulfide has no toxic effects at the limit of water solubility, i.e., at 0.67 µg/L. The other aquatic endpoints were covered using data from tin sulfide which has an almost identical water solubility, i.e., 0.6 µg/L. The algal study was used as bridging study since the WHO concluded in their report that alge are the most sensitive group. Furthermore, the WHO concluded that Sn II is more toxic than Sn IV. Hence, read across from tin sulfide (Sn II) to tin disulfide (Sn IV) was considered justified.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 0.014 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: No
- Other biological observations: No adverse effects observed
- Mortality of control: no
- Other adverse effects control: no
- Abnormal responses: no
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: The test was intentionally performed above the limit of water solubility.
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: There were no efects observed

Results with reference substance (positive control):

A reference test with K2Cr2O7 (positive control substance) under the same conditions resulted in a 24 h-LC50 of 309 mg/L.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

LC50 and 95% confidence limits would have been calculated with Trimmed Spearman-Karber Method. Because no mortality was observed results were read directly from data and no statistics were performed.

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Table 1 Recovery of Tin Sulfide in Recovery Sample

NominalConcentration (mg/L)		Measured Concentration (mg/L)		RecoveryRate (%)		MeanRecovery rate (%)		RSD (%)
0.005		0.005		100		104		5.96
		0.006		111
		0.005		100
0.02		0.019		95.5		96.5		2.18
		0.019		95.0
		0.020		98.9

 

Table 2 Stability Test Results of Tin Sulfide in Test Medium (Limit Test)

Nominal Concentration (mg/L)

Measured Concentration (mg/L)

0 h

24 h

48 h

72 h

96 h

Mean

Blank control (no filtration)

ND^①

ND

ND

ND

ND

—

100 mg/L WAFs (no filtration)

0.014

0.013

0.015

0.014

0.014

0.014

Blank control (after filtration)

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

—

100 mg/LWAFs (after filtration)

ND

ND

ND

ND

ND

—

^①ND: not detected, since below the limit of quantification of 0.001 mg/L.

 

 

Table 3 Mortality during the Range-finding Test

Nominal Concentration (mg/L)		Initial Number of Fish		Number of the Dead Fish
			24 h		48 h		72 h		96 h
0		5		0		0		0		0
1.0		5		0		0		0		0
10.0		5		0		0		0		0
100		5		0		0		0		0

Table 4 Mortality during theLimit Test

Nominal Concentration(mg/L)	Measured Concentration(mg/L)^① (without filtration)	Measured Concentration(mg/L)^① (after filtration)	Initial Number of Fish	The Number of the Dead Fish
				24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
0	ND^②	ND	7	0	0	0	0
			7	0	0	0	0
			7	0	0	0	0
100 mg/L WAFs	0.014	ND	7	0	0	0	0
			7	0	0	0	0
			7	0	0	0	0

①   The average of the measured concentrations at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 h.

② ND: not detected, since below the limit of quantification of 0.001 mg/L.

Table 5 Visual Observations duringthe Limit Test

Nominal Concentration(mg /L)	Measured Concentration(mg/L) (without filtration)	Measured Concentration(mg/L) (after filtration)	Visual Observations
			24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
0	ND^②	ND	NB^①	NB	NB	NB
			NB	NB	NB	NB
			NB	NB	NB	NB
100 mg/L WAFs	0.014	ND	NB	NB	NB	NB
			NB	NB	NB	NB
			NB	NB	NB	NB

①NB—Normal behaviours;

②ND: not detected, since below the limit of quantification of 0.001 mg/L.

 

These results are considered relevant for tin disulfide since both substances have similar physico-chemical properties, e.g., they are almost insoluble in water. Further evidene is provided in the read across justification.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Tin disulfide has not acute toxicity to fish.

Executive summary:

The acute toxicity of tin sulfide to Rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus was conducted according to OECD Guideline 203 (1992). In a range-finding test 5 fish per treatment (no replicates) were exposed to nominal concentrations of 1.0, 10.0 and 100 mg test substance/L WAFs. In the limit test 7 fish per replicate (3 replicate) were tested. After 96 h-test period all fish in control group and treated groups were alive and appeared normal . A reference test with K2Cr2O7 under same conditions resulted in a 24h-LC50 of 309 mg/L. Therefore, validity criteria were fulfilled. In addition, physical criteria during test period were valid. Under valid static test conditions the 96 h -LL50 of tin sulfide to Rare minnow is greater than the nominal tested concentration of 100 mg/L.

This result is considered relevant for tin disulfide since both substances have similar physico-chemical properties, e.g., they are almost insoluble in water. Further evidene is provided in the read across justification.

Description of key information

The test was perfomed on the read-across substance tin sulfide but is considered relevant for tin disulfide as well. Under valid static test conditions the 96 h-LL50 of tin sulfide to Rare minnow is greater than the nominal tested concentration of 100 m/L.

Additional information

The acute toxicity of tin sulfide to Rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus was conducted with reference to OECD Guideline 203 (1992). In a range-finding test 5 fish per treatment (no replicates) were exposed to nominal concentrations of 1.0, 10.0 and 100 mg test substance/L WAFs. In the limit test 7 fish per replicate (3 replicate) were observed. After 96 h- test period all fish in control group and treated groups were alive and appeared normal . A reference test with K2Cr2O7 under same conditions resulted in a 24 -h-LC50 of 309 mg/L. Therefore, the validity criteria were fulfilled. In addition, physical criteria during test period were valid. Under valid static test conditions the 96 h-LL50 of tin sulfide to Rare minnow is greater than the nominal tested concentration of 100 mg/L.