Tin disulphide

Long-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

fish early-life stage toxicity

Data waiving:

other justification

Justification for data waiving:

other:

Reference 2

Endpoint:

fish, juvenile growth test

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Justification for type of information:

REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE ANALOGUE APPROACH


1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE ANALOGUE APPROACH
Sn(II) and SnIV) demonstrate the same (lack of) long-term ecotoxicity to fish


2. SOURCE AND TARGET CHEMICAL(S) (INCLUDING INFORMATION ON PURITY AND IMPURITIES)
Source substance: SnS
Target substance: SnS2
for both substances: no relevant impurities need to be considered

3. ANALOGUE APPROACH JUSTIFICATION
The test was performed well above the water solubility limit of SnS and also above the water solubility limit of SnS2. In the target substance SnS2, Sn(IV) will be present while the souce substance contains Sn(II). Toxicological studies show that SnS and SnS2 have a comparable toxicological profile. There is no information that Sn(IV) is more toxic when compared to Sn(II). No endocrine effects are described for one of the two substances. When SnS and SnS2 are dissolved also S2- gets into solution. Based on the results of the read across source study, there is no evidence that either S2- or one of the tin ions will cause long-term toxicity in fish at the concentrations which can be expected based on the water solubility of the source and target substance. Therefore, the results from this read across study, i.e., no long-term toxicity at the limit of water solubility, are considered relevant and reliable for the risk assessment.

4. DATA MATRIX
see attached read across justification.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EL10

Effect conc.:

> 149 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (TWA)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

Sn

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Key result

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

> 104 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Details on results:

In none of the the test groups, adverse effects were observed for SnS, i.e., Sn(II).

The test was performed well above the water solubility limit of SnS and also above the water solubility limit of SnS2. In the target substance SnS2, Sn(IV) will be present while the souce substance contains Sn(II). Toxicological studies show that SnS and SnS2 have a comparable toxicological profile. There is no information that Sn(IV) is more toxic when compared to Sn(II). No endocrine effects are described for one of the two substances. When SnS and SnS2 are dissolved also S2- gets into solution. Based on the results of the read across source study, there is no evidence that either S2- or one of the tin ions will cause long-term toxicity in fish at the concentrations which can be expected based on the water solubility of the source and target substance. Therefore, the results from this read across study, i.e., no long-term toxicity at the limit of water solubility, are considered relevant and reliable for the risk assessment.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

EC10 > 104 mg/L (WAF) , 149 µg Sn/L mean measured concentration

Executive summary:

In the K1-study from Chen Guilan (2021) the effect of a 28 day exposure on the growth of Rare Minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) to tin sulfide was investigated in a semi-static test according to OECD 215. The test solutions were set up as saturated concentrations with nominal concentrations of 1.04 mg/L, 3.31 mg/L, 10.4 mg/L, 33.1 mg/L and 104 mg test item/L After the suspensions were stirred for about 24 h, the test suspensions were filtered with 0.22 μm water phase polyether sulfone (PES) filter membranes, the filtrates of the nominal concentrations of 1.04 mg/L, 3.31 mg/L, 10.4 mg/L, 33.1 mg/L and 104 mg/L saturated solutions were obtained respectively, and about 2000 ml filtrate from each test concentration group were measured as test solutions directly. The test solutions were exchanged on a daily basis. The time-weighted mean measured concentrations of Sn were 17.6 μg/L, 44.3μg/L, 107 μg/L, 145 μg/L and 149 μg/L, respectively.

The test was performed well above the water solubility limit of SnS and also above the water solubility limit of SnS2. In the target substance SnS2, Sn(IV) will be present while the souce substance contains Sn(II). Toxicological studies show that SnS and SnS2 have a comparable toxicological profile. There is no information that Sn(IV) is more toxic when compared to Sn(II). No endocrine effects are described for one of the two substances. When SnS and SnS2 are dissolved also S2- gets into solution. Based on the results of the read across source study, there is no evidence that either S2- or one of the tin ions will cause long-term toxicity in fish at the concentrations which can be expected based on the water solubility of the source and target substance. Therefore, the results from this read across study, i.e., no long-term toxicity at the limit of water solubility, are considered relevant and reliable for the risk assessment.

Description of key information

not toxic at the limit of water solutbility.

Additional information

Information from an OECD 215 wiith SnS (read across source) are available. The test was performed well above the water solubility limit of SnS and also above the water solubility limit of SnS2. In the target substance SnS2, Sn(IV) will be present while the souce substance contains Sn(II). Toxicological studies show that SnS and SnS2 have a comparable toxicological profile. There is no information that Sn(IV) is more toxic when compared to Sn(II). No endocrine effects are described for one of the two substances. When SnS and SnS2 are dissolved also S2- gets into solution. Based on the results of the read across source study, there is no evidence that either S2- or one of the tin ions will cause long-term toxicity in fish at the concentrations which can be expected based on the water solubility of the source and target substance. Therefore, the results from this read across study, i.e., no long-term toxicity at the limit of water solubility, are considered relevant and reliable for the risk assessment.

An ELS study with SnS2 is in progress.