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EC number: 202-216-2 | CAS number: 93-08-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Developmental toxicity / teratogenicity
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- developmental toxicity
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare report
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 414 (Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Developmental toxicity test of test chemical was carried out in Sprague-Dawley rats.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-Naphthol
- Cas Number:
- 135-19-3
- Molecular formula:
- C10H8O
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-Naphthol
- Test material form:
- solid: flakes
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report):2-naphthol
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): C10H8O
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance):144.172
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid: grey flakes
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): purity: 99.6%, gray white flake containing 0.3% of test chemical as an impurity
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: Sprague-Dawley strain (Crj: CD) rats
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Tsukuba breeding center, Charles River Japan Co., Ltd.
- Age at study initiation: No data available
- Weight at study initiation: No data available
- Fasting period before study: No data available
- Housing: housed in a metallic wire mesh floor cage in a breeding room
- Use of restrainers for preventing ingestion (if dermal): yes/no: No data available
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): No data available
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): tap water, provided ad libitum
- Acclimation period: No data available
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 24 ± 1 ° C
- Humidity (%): 50 to 65%
- Air changes (per hr): about 15 times / hour
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): lighting for 12 hours
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Type of inhalation exposure (if applicable):
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose)
- Remarks on MMAD:
- No data available
- Details on exposure:
- PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS: The dosing solution was prepared by mixing the test chemical in vehicle with a magnetic stirrer
DIET PREPARATION
- Rate of preparation of diet (frequency): No data available
- Mixing appropriate amounts with (Type of food): No data available
- Storage temperature of food: No data available
VEHICLE
- Justification for use and choice of vehicle (if other than water):No data available
- Concentration in vehicle: No data available
- Amount of vehicle (if gavage): 5ml/kg
- Lot/batch no. (if required): No data available
- Purity:No data available - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- not specified
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- No data available
- Details on mating procedure:
- Matings were conducted in males and females 1: 1 within the same group for a period of 3 weeks, and confirming the presence of sperm in the vaginal smear and confirming the vaginal plug every morning.
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 10 weeks (71 days of administration)
- Frequency of treatment:
- Daily
- Duration of test:
- No data available
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- 0 (vehicle control)= 25male and 25female
10mg/kg=25male and 25female
40mg/kg=25male and 25female
160 mg/kg=25male and 25female
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 0 (vehicle control)= 25male and 25female
10mg/kg=25male and 25female
40mg/kg=25male and 25female
160 mg/kg=25male and 25female - Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Details on study design:
- Animals were orally administered from 10 weeks of age including mated up to 3 weeks. The males were necropsied after one week passed after the mating period. Females were allowed to spontaneously deliver after mating and necropsied with their babies on nursing 21th. Both males and females continued to be administered until the day before necropsy, during which the general condition of the parent animal, weight gain and changes in food intake were observed, and at the same time the reproductive ability, including delivery and lactation of the parent animal, and weaning of the infant was observed.
Examinations
- Maternal examinations:
- Parent animals were observed for mortality, general condition, change in weight, food intake, estrus cycle assessment. Animals were sacrificed to determined presence or absence of abnormalities of major organs thoracic abdomen, including the pituitary glands, stomach, testis, epididymis, coagulated glands, seminal vesicles, and prostate in males and pituitary, stomach, ovary, uterus, cervix and vagina in females
- Ovaries and uterine content:
- Estrus cycle were determined before 2 weeks of start of mating confirmation day, two weeks before the start of administration and two weeks after the start of the administration.
- Fetal examinations:
- Number of births, litter count and weight measurement. Offspings were sacrificed to determined presence or absence of abnormality on the external surface
- Statistics:
- Fisher's direct probability test 1) was carried out on frequency of type of sex cycle, mating rate, conception rate, morphological abnormality frequency of babiesAccording to histopathological examination findings, the Mann-Whitney U test 2)) shows the grade-separated data, and the total value of the positive grade is obtained by Fisher's direct probability one-sided test 3) between the control group and each test substance administration group Significant difference test was carried out. For the other data, we tested the uniformity of variance of each group by Bartlett method 4) , with the value obtained for each individual, or the average value for each litter as one sample . If the variance is uniform, a one-way analysis of variance 4) was performed, and when significance was observed between the groups, multiple comparisons were performed according to the Dunnett method 5) . On the other hand, Kruskal-Wallis 6) rank test is performed when the variance is 0 in any group and when the variance is not uniform, and if significance is observed between the groups.
- Indices:
- Conception rate was determined
- Historical control data:
- No data available
Results and discussion
Results: maternal animals
General toxicity (maternal animals)
- Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Nasal discharge, eyelid ptosis or closed eyes, in group administered with 40 mg / kg or more but not in 160mg/kg group , lacrimation in 160 mg / kg administration group was transiently observed Salivation was observed in each administration group of the test substance.
- Dermal irritation (if dermal study):
- not specified
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Description (incidence):
- In males, one patient in the 160 mg / kg dose group died on the 60th day of administration.
In females, there were no deaths or moribund - Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No significant difference between the control group and each test group administered group
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- In males no change in food consumption were observed, however in females no change in food consumption uring the period before mating, but significantly lower values than control group, after pregnancy and during the nursing stage
- Food efficiency:
- not specified
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not specified
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not specified
- Haematological findings:
- not specified
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- not specified
- Urinalysis findings:
- not specified
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Spontaneous locomotor reduction and salivation were observed transiently after administration and no abnormality was observed in both treated males and femlaes. There was a decrease in locomotor activity, eyelid ptosis or closed eyes, and nasal discharge in group administered with 40 mg / kg or more, lacrimation in 160 mg / kg administration group.
- Immunological findings:
- not specified
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- not specified
- Gross pathological findings:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There was no change depending on the dose of the test substance in reproductive organsof male and females. Abnormality was not found in the reproductive organs of the 160 mg / kg administration group.
- Neuropathological findings:
- not specified
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No abnormality was observed in pituitary gland. In males, in each case in the 40 mg / kg and 160 mg / kg administration groups, the spermatogonia of the spermatogenic cells in the 14 th stage of the spermatogenesis cycle mild degeneration was observed, and cell debris was observed in the lumen of the epididymis in the example of 40 mg / kg administration group. Unilateral seminal vesicle atrophy was observed in each group including the control group. no avnormality were seenon seminal vesicle and Coagulated glands In females, no abnormality was observed in the pituitary gland, stomach, ovary, uterus, cervix and vagina.
- Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- not specified
- Other effects:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Hair loss was observed in all the treated animals
Maternal developmental toxicity
- Number of abortions:
- no effects observed
- Pre- and post-implantation loss:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Implantation number in treated animals was equivalent to control animals
- Total litter losses by resorption:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- The litter size was significantly low value in 160mg/kg/day group compared to control group.
- Early or late resorptions:
- not specified
- Dead fetuses:
- not specified
- Changes in pregnancy duration:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No change in pregnancy duration were seen in treated females.
- Changes in number of pregnant:
- not specified
- Other effects:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No abnormality in labor condition was observed, and there was no effect on birth rate
Effect levels (maternal animals)
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 160 mg/kg bw/day
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect level:
- behaviour (functional findings)
- body weight and weight gain
- changes in pregnancy duration
- clinical signs
- effects on pregnancy duration
- food consumption and compound intake
- gross pathology
- histopathology: non-neoplastic
- maternal abnormalities
- mortality
- pre and post implantation loss
- total litter losses by resorption
- other: labor condition was normal no effect on birth rate
Results (fetuses)
- Fetal body weight changes:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Body weight at the postnatal day 21 was slightly lower in the 160 mg / kg administration group
- Reduction in number of live offspring:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Number of live pups examined reduced in highest dosed group
- Changes in sex ratio:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There was no effect of administration on sex ratio
- Changes in litter size and weights:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- The litter size after adjustment of litter size was decreased in 160mg/kg/day group
- Changes in postnatal survival:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- In 160mg/kg /day group the postnatal survival declines comapared to control
- External malformations:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No morphological changes including malformations where observed
- Skeletal malformations:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No morphological changes including malformations where observed
- Visceral malformations:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No morphological changes including malformations where observed
- Other effects:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No growth inhibition was observed in the administration group of 40 mg / kg or less
Effect levels (fetuses)
- Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 40 mg/kg bw/day
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- changes in sex ratio
- external malformations
- skeletal malformations
- visceral malformations
- other: No growth inhibition
Overall developmental toxicity
- Key result
- Developmental effects observed:
- not specified
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- From the observation and results, the NOAEL for P0 generation and F1 generation was considered to be 160mg/kg/day and 40mg/kg/day respectively.
- Executive summary:
In the present study, developmental toxicity test of test chemical was carried out and the developmental toxicity profile to male and female animals of test chemical was examined. In the study, animals were orally administered from 10 weeks of age including mated up to 3 weeks. The males were necropsied after one week passed after the mating period. Females were allowed to spontaneously deliver after mating and necropsied with their babies on nursing 21th. Both males and females continued to be administered until the day before necropsy, during which the general condition of the parent animal, weight gain and changes in food intake were observed, and at the same time the reproductive ability, including delivery and lactation of the parent animal, and weaning of the infant was observed. The results of the parenteral examination revealed that, no mortality in treated animals at 10, 40 and 160mg/kg/day for 10 weeks,including mating period, the clinical signs examination of animlas shows, nasal discharge, eyelid ptosis or closed eyes, in group administered with 40 mg / kg or more but not in 160mg/kg group , lacrimation in 160 mg / kg administration group was transiently observed. Salivation was observed in each administration group of the test substance.No test chemical related chnages on food consumption and body weight changes were observed. Spontaneous locomotor reduction and salivation were observed transiently after administration and no abnormality was observed in both treated males and femlaes. There was a decrease in locomotor activity, eyelid ptosis or closed eyes, and nasal discharge in group administered with 40 mg / kg or more, lacrimation in 160 mg / kg administration group. There was no change depending on the dose of the test substance in reproductive organsof male and females. The histopathological study relealed no abnormality in pituitary gland. In males, in each case in the 40 mg / kg and 160 mg / kg administration groups, the spermatogonia of the spermatogenic cells in the 14 th stage of the spermatogenesis cycle mild degeneration was observed, and cell debris was observed in the lumen of the epididymis in the example of 40 mg / kg administration group. Unilateral seminal vesicle atrophy was observed in each group including the control group. No abnormality were seen on seminal vesicle and Coagulated glands In females, no abnormality was observed in the pituitary gland, stomach, ovary, uterus, cervix and vagina. The maternal developmental toxicity includes, Implantation number in treated animals was equivalent to control animals. The litter size was significantly low value in 160mg/kg/day group compared to control group. No change in pregnancy duration were seen in treated females. No abnormality in labor condition was observed, and there was no effect on birth rate. The examination of pups revealed, body weight at the postnatal day 21 was slightly lower in the 160 mg / kg administration group. Number of live pups examined reduced in highest dosed group. There was no effect of administration on sex ratio. The litter size after adjustment of litter size was decreased in 160mg/kg/day group. In 160mg/kg /day group the postnatal survival declines comapared to control.No morphological changes including external, skeletal and visceral malformations where seen in treated animals. From the observation and results, the NOAEL for P0 generation and F1 generation was considered to be 160mg/kg/day and 40mg/kg/day respectively.
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