1,4-dimethylpiperazine

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1996-03-26 - 1996-03-28

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

Version / remarks:

Directive 79/831/EEC, Annex V, Part C

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 1,4-Dimethylpiperazin
- Analytical purity: 99.7 %
- Lot/batch No.: Abl.-No. 32-1 659
- CAS No.: 106-58-1
- State of aggregation : fluid
- Purity of active ingredient : 99,7% (Analytical Report ZAX 961-00033)
- Impurities/ secondary components : 0,08% water (Analytical Report ZAX 961-00033)
- Stability : stable. Store at room temperature under nitrogen atmosphere
- Date of production : September 1994
- Solubiiity in water : mixable up to 10 g/L

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: 0 (control), 6.25, 25 and 100 mg/L
- Sampling method: At the start of the test (after 0 hours) samples from vessels which were not stocked with daphnids were analysed and at the end
of the test (after 48 h) samples from stocked and unstocked vessels were analysed.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: ambient temperature

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: For the preparation of the stock solution (100 mg/L) the test substance was stirred for about 10 min. at 22 ± 10 °C in M4-Medium.
The nominal concentration of the stock solution was 100 mg/L. The test solutions were prepared by dilution the stock solution.

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Strain: STRAUS
- Source: Institut National de Recherche Chimique Appliqué
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD):
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD):
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD):
- Valve height at study initiation, for shell deposition study (mean and range, SD):
- Peripheral shell growth removed prior to test initiation:
- Method of breeding:
- Feeding during test: none


ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period:
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not):
- Type and amount of food:
- Feeding frequency:
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed):

QUARANTINE (wild caught)
- Duration:
- Health/mortality:

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

2,20 - 3,20 mmol/L

Test temperature:

20 +/- 1 °C

pH:

8.0 - 8.8

Dissolved oxygen:

7.9 - 8.3 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal test concentrations (mg/L): 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, control
Analytically determined concentrations (mg/l):
at test start:
6.5, 24.2, 97.5 (104 % of nominal)
at test termination:
6.4, 24.15, 97.7 (102.4 % of nominal )

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Test tubes (glass) with fiat bottom (20 mL)
- Fill volume: 10 mL
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: 0.5 animals /l test water


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: according to guideline
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- pH: 8.0
- Total hardness: 2.20-3.20 mmol/L
- Alkalinity: 0.80-1.00 mmol/L (up to pH 4.3)
- Ca/mg ratio: ca. 4:1
- Conductivity: 550-650 µS/cm


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: day night rhythm = 16 : 8 hours
- Light intensity: Artificial light, OSRAM L58 W31 warm white; About 5 -6 pE/(m2.S) in the range of 400 - 700 nm


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Swimming ability of the test animals (Visually, after 0, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h)
- Measurements: Temperature after 0, 24 and 48 h in an extra vessel close to the test vessels, pH and oxygen content after 0 and 48 h in one parallel at each concentration


TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: not applicable
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: no data
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: no data

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC0

Effect conc.:

>= 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC100

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Due to the results of the test a statistical evaluation of the data was unnecessary.

Since the analytically determined concentrations were within +/-20% of the nominal concentrations, the results can be based on nominal concentrations.

Nominal conc. (mg/l)	Cumulative immobility
	3 h	6 h	24 h	48 h
Control	0	0	0	0
6.25	0	0	0	0
12.5	0	0	0	0
25	0	0	0	0
50	0	0	0	0
100	0	0	0	0

Nominal conc. (mg/l)	pH value		Oxygen content (mg/L)
	0 h	48 h	0 h	48 h
Control	8.0	8.0	8.2	8.1
6.25	8.1	8.1	8.3	8.1
12.5	8.2	8.1	8.2	8.1
25	8.3	8.1	8.2	7.9
50	8.6	8.2	8.3	8.0
100	8.8	8.4	8.3	8.1

In the control immobilization was < 10%. Thus, the validity criteria were fulfilled by the test.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The reported EC50 value at 48 hours was above 100 mg/L. The result is expressed as the nominal concentration.

Description of key information

The key value for acute toxicity to invertebrates was obtained from a study exposing Daphnia magna during 48 hours under GLP conditions and according to EEC Directive 79/831/EEC, Annex V, Part C. The 48-h EC50 for the test substance was > 100 mg/L. As a worst-case, a value of 48-h EC50 = 100 mg/L was used for the PNEC derivation.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect concentration:

100 mg/L

Additional information

The acute toxicity of the test substance to the water flea Daphnia magna STRAUS was investigated in a 48-hour static test (BASF, 1998) according to EEC Directive 79/831/EEC, Annex V, Part C. Daphnia magna were exposed to different concentrations of test substance during 48 hours. Instead of mortality the test criterium of the acute toxicity is immobilization of the daphnids after 48 hours. Since the analytically determined concentrations were within +/- 20% of the nominal concentrations, the results were based on nominal concentrations. The results showed an 48-h EC50 of > 100 mg/L. In the control treatment immobilization was <= 10%. Thus, the validity criterium for the control treatment was fulfilled in the test.