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EC number: 200-539-3 | CAS number: 62-53-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
For aniline a large amount of aquatic ecotoxicity studies is available. However, for risk assessment purposes only the most reliable and sensitive studies were considered. Furthermore, when assessing aquatic toxicity studies for aniline, the rapid phototransformation should be kept in mind. Therfore, tests using flow through or semistatic conditions and with analytical dose verification were preferred within this risk assessment.
The following endpoints were selected for the aquatic risk assessment of Aniline:
a) Acute studies
Oncorhynchus mykiss: LC50 (96h) = 10 .6 mg/l (measured concentration, flow through)
Daphnia magna: EC50 (48h) = 0.16 mg/l (measured concentration, semi-static)
Chlorella pyrenoidosa: ErC50(72h) = 175 mg/L (nominal concentration, growth rate, static)
b) Chronic studies
Pimephales promelas: NOEC (32d) = 0.39 mg/l (measured concentration, flow through)
Daphnia magna: NOEC (21d) = 0.016 mg/l (measured concentration, flow through)
Daphnia magna: NOEC (21d) = 0.004 mg/L (measured concentration, semi-static)
Daphnia magna: NOEC (21d) = 0.024 mg/L (measured concentration, semi-static)
Derivation of PNECaqua
Among the tested species Daphnia was most sensitive in both short-term and long-term tests. Therefore, the results from the Daphnia reproduction tests are used for the derivation of the PNECaqua.
Three 21-day NOECs in the narrow range of 4 μg/l to 24 μg/l are available for Daphnia. None of these tests was conducted according to international guidelines but careful examination of the test reports allows the conclusion that they can all be regarded as valid (with restriction) and that it cannot be justified to prefer one of the tests.
The three available NOECs are lying close together and thus are supporting each other. As NOECs are dependent on the range and the spacing of the substance concentration used in the tests it is obvious that variation in the test concentrations in different tests is an important and relevant reason for different NOEC values obtained. Therefore, to reduce this uncertainty it seems adequate that the mean value of these three NOECs is calculated and used as basic value for the effects assessment. It could be stated that the NOEC of 4 μg/l should be used for the derivation of the PNEC because it is possible that effects occur at concentrations below 4 μg/l. However, as three Daphnia long-term tests are available that are regarded of equal value, the calculation of the geometric mean seems to be most appropriate.
Calculating the arithmetic mean of the three NOECs results in a value of 12 μg/l.
For the derivation of the PNECaqua an assessment factor of 10 seems appropriate, as reliable long-term tests are available for daphnids and fish.
Therefore: PNECaqua = 12 μg/l / 10 = 1.2 μg/l
Several single species tests and activated sludge tests are available for assessing the toxicity of Aniline to microorganisms. The following studies have been selected as relevant endpoints:
activated sludge: NOEC (2h) = 2mg/l (nitrification inhibition)
Nitrosomonas sp.: EC50 > 1 mg/l (nitrification inhibition)
activated sludge: EC20 = 2800 mg/l (respiration inhibition)
Entosiphon sulcatum: NOEC (72h) = 24 mg/l (growth inhibition)
Derivation of PNECmicroorganism
For the risk assessment of industrial sewage treatment plants the PNECmicroorganism based on the nitrification inhibition test with industrial activated sludge is used as this test is more realistic for this kind of treatment plants than the test with Nitrosomonas spec..
Therefore, the PNECmicroorganism = 2 mg/l .
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