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EC number: 203-581-0 | CAS number: 108-42-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
Stability
Phototransformation in air
The atmospheric oxidation half-life of3-chloroanilinewas estimated using the level III multimedia model. It was estimated that the substance is not persistent in air medium as the half life period of3-chloroaniline in air is only 0.21 days. This indicates that3-chloroanilineis rapidly phototransformed in air.
OVERALL OH Rate Constant = 0.00000000008cm3/molecule-sec.
Media |
Half-Life |
Percent in |
Air |
0.21 |
0% |
Hydrolysis
The Hydrolysis rate constant of 3-chloroaniline is estimated to be 0.0000000000757251 cm3/molecule-sec. at half life of 1.695 hrs.The estimated half life of the substance indicates that the substance is rapidly hydrolysable.
Phototransformation in water
No experimental data available. As this study is not a standard information requirement in REACH and there is no indication from the CSA on the need to investigate further the fate and behaviour of the substance (Annex X requirement), no further testing is considered necessary.
Phototransformation in soil
No experimental data available. As this study is not a standard information requirement in REACH and there is no indication from the CSA on the need to investigate further the fate and behaviour of the substance (Annex X requirement), no further testing is considered necessary.
Biodegradation
Biodegradation in water
Based on weight of evidence approach no. of studies were reviewed for biodegradation in water from reliable sources having Klimish rating 2 and 4 for CAS No.:108-42-9
The summary of the results are presented below:
Sr.No |
Endpoint |
Half-life |
Sampling Time |
Remark |
Conclusion |
Sources |
1 |
Biodegradation in water |
38 days |
- |
Readily biodegradable |
The half life period of 3-chloroaniline in water is 38 days and based on this value it can be concluded that the chemical is not persistent in water medium since the half life is less than the threshold of 60 days (to qualify the chemical as persistent). Also the diffusion percentage of 3-chloroaniline in water medium is 24%. This coupled with the dilution of water shall result in ready biodegradabililty of the chemical. |
Estimated data from PBT Profiler for CAS : 108-42-9 |
2 |
Biodegradation in water |
- |
3 days |
Readily biodegradable |
In a 3 day cultivation test using 2 different river waters from Japan and two different sea waters, 50% of initial 3-chloroaniline was degraded; the degradation was paralleled by growth of microbes.On this basis, 3-chloroaniline was judged to be readily biodegradable. |
Experimental data for CAS :108-42-9 |
3 |
Biodegradation in water |
- |
14 days |
Readily biodegradable |
In laboratory studies examining the persistence of 3-chloroaniline in water, no significant difference was observed in the degradation rate in pond water, pond water plus sewage sludge inocula, or sterile water over a 14 day period.On this basis, 3-chloroaniline was judged to be readily biodegradable. |
Experimental data for CAS :108-42-9 |
Based on the above information,3-chloroaniline was judged to be a readily biodegradable substance.
Biodegradation in water and sediment
Based on weight of evidence approach no. of studies were reviewed for biodegradation in water and sediment from reliable sources having Klimish rating 2 and 4 for CAS No.:108-42-9
The summary of the results are presented below:
Sr.No |
Endpoint |
Half-life |
Remark |
Conclusion |
Sources |
1 |
Biodegradation in water and sediment |
38 days 340 days |
Readily biodegradable in water where as it is non biodegradable in sediment. |
Half life period of 3-chloroaniline in water is observed to be 38 days (912 hrs ) while in sediment it is 340 days (8160 hrs).Based on these half life values of 3-chloroaniline, it is concluded that the chemical is readily biodegradable in water where as it is non biodegradable in sediment. However, since there is no diffusion of the substance in the sediment medium as evident from the reported data in the table given above and hence persistence in the sediment compartment is not likely to be critical. |
Estimated data from PBT Profiler for CAS : 108-42-9 |
2 |
Biodegradation in water and sediment |
37.5 days 337.5 days |
Readily biodegradable in water where as it is non biodegradable in sediment. |
Half life period of 3-Chloroaniline in water is observed to be 37.5 days (900 hrs.) while in sediment it is 337.5 days ( 8100 hrs).Based on these half life values of 3-Chloroaniline, it is concluded that the chemical is readily biodegradable in water where as it is non biodegradable in sediment. However, since there is only 0.176 percent diffusion of the substance in the sediment medium as evident from the reported data in the table given above and hence persistence in the sediment compartment is not likely to be critical. |
Estimated data from EPI Suite for CAS : 108-42-9 |
3 |
Biodegradation in sediment |
666.3 days |
Non biodegradable in sediment. |
A half-life of 666.3 days was observed for 3-chloroaniline incubated under anaerobic conditions with estuarine sediment slurry collected from the Tsurumi River,Japan.On the basis of this half-life value it can be inferred that the substance is persistent in sediment medium and is not readily biodegradable. |
Experimental data from publication for CAS : 108-42-9 |
Based on the above information it can be concluded that the substance 3-chloroaniline is considered to be biodegaradable in water medium since the half life does not exceed the threshold of 60 days (to qualify the chemical as persistent) whereas the substance was found to be persistent in sediment medium.
Biodegradation in soil
The PBT Profiler & EPI Suite has estimated that 3-chloroaniline is expected to be found predominantly in soil and its persistence estimate is based on its availability in this medium. Its half-life in soil, 75 days (1800 hrs).,does not exceeds the threshold of 120 days as per Annex XIII of REACH.Therefore, 3-chloroaniline is estimated to be not persistent in the soil environment.
PBT Profiler Estimate
Media |
Half-Life |
Percent in |
Soil |
75 |
76% |
Fugacity Model by EPI Suite estimation database
|
Mass Amount (percent) |
Half-Life (hr) |
Emissions (kg/hr) |
Soil |
75.7 |
1800 |
1000 |
|
Fugacity (atm) |
Reaction (kg/hr) |
Advection (kg/hr) |
Reaction (percent) |
Advection (percent) |
Soil |
3.02e-010 |
802 |
0 |
26.7 |
0 |
Bioaccumulation
Based on weight of evidence approach no. of studies were reviewed for bioaccumulation from reliable sources having Klimish rating 2 and 4 for CAS No.:108-42-9
The summary of the results are presented below:
Sr. No |
Endpoint name |
Value |
Interpretation of result |
Conclusion |
Sources |
1. |
BCF |
0.8 – 2.2 L/kg |
Non bioaccumulative |
Bioconcentration factor (24-336 hr exposure) for carp exposed to 14.7 and 0.67 µg l-1 under continuous flow-through conditions, 0.8 and 2.2, respectively. Whole-body excretion rate constant 0.21 hr-1.This low value of BCF of 3-chloroaniline indicates its non bioaccumulative nature as the BCF factor is less than the bio-concentration threshold of 2000. |
Experimental data for CAS : 108-42-9 |
2. |
BCF |
11.5 |
Non bioaccumulative |
The Bioconcentration factor (BCF) for zebrafish exposed to 3-chloroaniline (0.0002 mg/L) under static conditions was reported as 11.5 suggesting that 3-chloroaniline is non bioaccumulative in nature as the BCF factor is less than the bio-concentration threshold of 2000. |
Experimental data for CAS : 108-42-9 |
3. |
BCF |
8.1 |
Non bioaccumulative |
The estimated bioconcentration factor (BCF) for 3-Chloroaniline is 8.1,which does not exceeds the bioconcentration threshold of 2000.Thus, it is concluded that 3-Chloroaniline is not expected to bioaccumulate in the food chain because it does not exceed the BCF criteria. |
Predicted data for CAS : 108-42-9 |
4. |
BCF |
8.08 |
Non bioaccumulative |
The estimated bioconcentration factor (BCF) for 3-Chloroaniline is 8.08,which does not exceeds the bioconcentration threshold of 2000.Thus, it is concluded that 3-Chloroaniline is not expected to bioaccumulate in the food chain because it does not exceed the BCF criteria. |
Predicted data for CAS : 108-42-9 |
Based on the studies summarized in the above table for target substance 3-Chloroaniline,the bioconcentration value (BCF) was found to vary between 0.8 to 11.5. This low value of BCF of 3-Chloroaniline indicates its non bioaccumulative nature as the BCF factor is less than the bio-concentration threshold of 2000.
Transport and distribution
Adsorption / desorption
The Koc of 3-chloroaniline is estimated as 250, using a log Kow of 1.88 and a regression derived equation.According to a classification scheme,this estimated Koc value suggests that 3-chloroaniline is expected to have moderate mobility in soil.This Koc value when converted at 20 degC is equivalent to 200.
Henry's Law constant
Henry's Law states that at a constant temperature, the amount of a given gas that dissolves in a given type and volume of liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas in equilibrium with that liquid. Henrys Law Constant of 3-chloroaniline at 25 deg C is 0.143 Pa m³/mol.
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