Hydrocarbons, C14-C16, n-alkanes, isoalkanes,

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Phototransformation in air

The available weight of evidence demonstrates that this substance does not absorb light within a range of 290 to 750 nm, the range in which photolysis occurs. Therefore, direct photolysis will not contribute to the degradation of this substance in the air. Further testing is not required under Annex XI, section 1.2.

 

Hydrolysis

 

Hydrolysis is a reaction in which a water molecule of hydroxide ion substitutes for another atom of group of atoms present in a chemical resulting in a structural change of that chemical. Potentially hydrolysable groups include alkyl halides, amides, carbamates, carboxylic acid esters and lactone epoxides, phosphate esters, and sulfonic acid esters. The lack of a suitable leaving group renders compounds resistant to hydrolysis.

 

The chemical constituents that comprise the substance consist entirely of carbon and hydrogen and do not contain hydrolysable groups. As such, they have a very low potential to hydrolyze. Therefore, this degradative process will not contribute to their removal from the environment.

Phototransformation in water

 

The available weight of evidence demonstrates that this substance does not absorb light within a range of 290 to 750 nm, the range in which photolysis occurs. Therefore, direct photolysis will not contribute to the degradation of this substance in the aquatic environment. Further testing is not required under Annex XI, section 1.2.

 

Phototransformation in soil

 

The available weight of evidence demonstrates that this substance does not absorb light within a range of 290 to 750 nm, the range in which photolysis occurs. Therefore, direct photolysis will not contribute to the degradation of this substance in the terrestrial environment. Further testing is not required under Annex XI, section 1.2.

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Hydrocarbons, C14-C16, n-alkanes, isoalkanes <2% aromatics has been tested in an OECD 301F (manometric respirometry) test conducted in compliance with GLP (Best, 2014). The test substance attained 75% biodegradation in 28 days and is therefore considered to be readily biodegradable.

Biodegradation in water: simulation tests

This substance is considered readily biodegradable.Therefore, in accordance with REACH Annex IX column 2 exemption, the simulation testing in surface water does not need to be conducted.

Biodegradation in sediment: simulation tests

This substance is considered readily biodegradable.Therefore, in accordance with REACH Annex IX column 2 exemption, the simulation testing in sediment does not need to be conducted.

 

Biodegradation in soil

This substance is considered to be readily biodegradable. Therefore, in accordance withREACH Annex IX column 2 exemption,simulation testing on ultimate degradation in soil does not need to be conducted.

Bioaccumulation: aquatic/sediment

Standard bioaccumulation studies are not applicable for petroleum UVCB substances. In accordance with Annex XI Section 1.3 testing is not scientifically necessary and the endpoint has been fulfilled using multiple QSAR calculations for relevant constituents. Full justifications for these QSAR are presented in 'Attached justification' within the associated endpoint records, but in brief these are justified because:

- the results are obtained from a QSAR model whose scientific validity has been established

- petroleum substances fall within the applicability domain of the QSAR model

- results are adequate for the purposes of risk assessment

- adequate and reliable documentation is provided

Adsorption / desorption

Substance is a hydrocarbon UVCB. Standard tests for this endpoint are intended for single substances and are not appropriate for this complex substance. However, this endpoint is characterized using quantitative structure property relationships for representative hydrocarbon structures that comprise the hydrocarbon blocks used to assess the environmental risk of this substance with the PETRORISK model (see Product Library in PETRORISK spreadsheet attached to Section 13).

Henry’s Law Constant

C14-C16 n-alkanes, isoalkanes, <2% aromatics are hydrocarbon UVCBs. Standard tests for this endpoint are intended for single substances and are not appropriate for these complex substances. However, this endpoint is characterized using quantitative structure property relationships for representative hydrocarbon structures that comprise the hydrocarbon blocks used to assess the environmental risk of this substance with the PETRORISK model (see Product Library in PETRORISK spreadsheet attached to IUCLID section 13).

Distribution and modelling

The distribution of Hydrocarbons, C14-C16, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, <2% aromatics in the environmental compartments air, water, soil, and sediment has been calculated using the PETRORISK Model, version 7.04. Computer modelling is an accepted method for estimating the environmental distribution of chemicals. Based on the regional scale exposure assessment, the multimedia distribution of Hydrocarbons, C14-C16, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, < 2% aromatics is 1.7 % to air, 0.47 % to water, 8.8 % to soil and 89 % to sediment. Distribution modelling results are included in the 'Multimedia distribution modelling results' tab in the PETRORISK spreadsheet attached to IUCLID section 13.