2-chloroethanol

Acute Toxicity: inhalation

Administrative data

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: inhalation

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: see 'Remark'

Remarks:

The study is comparable to the OECD Guideline 403 with acceptable restrictions (limited documentation of results; males and females used in the same dose group; partly limited documentation of methods, e.g. no details about the test substance; nominal concentrations).

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

The assay of acute vapor toxicity, and the grading and interpretation of results on 96 chemical compounds

Author:

Carpenter CP, Smyth HF, Pozzani UC

Year:

1949

Bibliographic source:

J Ind Hyg Toxicol 31: 343-346

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

no

Test type:

standard acute method

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

2-chloroethanol

EC Number:

203-459-7

EC Name:

2-chloroethanol

Cas Number:

107-07-3

Molecular formula:

C2H5ClO

IUPAC Name:

2-chloroethan-1-ol

Details on test material:

No details

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Sherman

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

Source: Mellon Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
body weight 100 to 150 g
No further details

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

inhalation

Type of inhalation exposure:

whole body

Vehicle:

other: air

Details on inhalation exposure:

No analytical verification of the concentration. The concentration was based upon empirical calculations (generation in an evaporator; amount of dilution air measured). All-glass vessel used for exposure chamber.

Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:

no

Duration of exposure:

4 h

Concentrations:

No details were given but it can be assumed that concentration below and above 32 ppm (see results) were also investigated; the following concentrations were reported in the result section for other test substances: 8, 16, 32, 62, 125 ppm.

No. of animals per sex per dose:

6 rats per dose level (males and females used, no details given)

Control animals:

not specified

Details on study design:

Concentration varied in a geometric progression increasing by a factor of 2 until the concentration which kills 2, 3, or 4 of 6 rats within a 14-day observation period; the exposure duration was constant in all experiments (4 h); during exposure first appearance of any abnormal symptoms was recorded and the time that has elapsed until their occurrence (check list used); autopsies performed on all of the rats; lung, liver, spleen, adrenal gland, kidney, and testis taken for histopathological examinations from 2 of the rats which died during the 14 day observation period and also from 2 that survived. The survivors were weighed.

Statistics:

no data

Results and discussion

Effect levels

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

other: concentration resulting in lethal effects in 2-4 out of 6 treated rats

Effect level:

32 ppm

Exp. duration:

4 h

Mortality:

At a concentration of 32 ppm (107 mg/m³) and an exposure duration of 4 h 2-4 out of 6 rats died during the post exposure observation period of 14 days. No further details were given but it can be assumed that a concentration of 16 ppm resulted in no mortality or only 1 death in 6 treated rats and at a concentration of 62 ppm more than 4 out of 6 treated rats died.

Clinical signs:

other: No data reported in the result section.

Body weight:

No data reported in the result section.

Gross pathology:

No data reported in the result section.

Other findings:

no

Any other information on results incl. tables

In preliminary experiments 2 or more of 6 treated rats died after exposure to saturated vapour (room temperature) for 8 h; no further details available.

Compare these results with IHT studies (Section 7.2.2).

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Rough estimation of LC50 (4 h) in rats: 16 ppm (53 mg/m³) < LC50 < 62 ppm (207 mg/m³)

Executive summary:

The study is comparable to the OECD Guideline 403 with acceptable restrictions (limited documentation of results; males and females used in the same dose group; partly limited documentation of methods, e.g. no details about the test substance; nominal concentrations).

Six Sherman rats per dose level were exposed for 4 hours to concentrations varied in a geometric progression increasing by a factor of 2. The post exposure observation period was 14 days. At a concentration of 32 ppm (107 mg/m³) 2 -4 out of 6 treated rats died. No further details were reported in the result section. However, it can be assumed that a concentration of 16 ppm resulted in no mortality or only 1 death in 6 treated rats and at a concentration of 62 ppm more than 4 out of 6 treated rats died.

Conclusion: Rough estimation of LC50 (4 h) in rats: 16 ppm (53 mg/m³) < LC50 < 62 ppm (207 mg/m³).