Reaction mass of ditungsten carbide and tungsten carbide

Uses at industrial sites

Documents

Deposition of hardfacing wire or powder using welding/brazing techniques

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Name of activity / technique:

Deposition of hardfacing wire or powder using welding/brazing techniques

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Step 4: Maintenance and cleaning

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Step 4: Maintenance and cleaning

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Name of activity / technique:

Step 1: Preparation of the part receiving hardfacing

Process category (PROC):

PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Name of activity / technique:

The following activities were individually coded as PROC 25:
Step 2: Powdering the part
Step 3: Deposition of the hardfacing material

Process category (PROC):

PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals

Product category used:

PC 7: Base metals and alloys

PC 14: Metal surface treatment products

PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products

Sector of end use:

SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment

Substance supplied to that use in form of:

in a mixture

Subsequent service life relevant for this use:

yes

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Deposition of hardfacing powders using laser techniques

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Name of activity / technique:

Deposition of hardfacing powders using laser techniques

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Step 1: Preparation - Receipt and handling: Hardfacing powders are received and stored in closed containers. The hardfacing powder is transferred to production area and poured into a hopper connected to laser equipment. This involves a large part of manual operations. Possible exposure to fused tungsten carbide fine powders

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Step 2: Preparation of the part receiving hardfacing - The part or the tool to be hardfaced is cleaned by sandblasting or hand grinding in order to remove dust, oil or oxides. All sharp edges are rounded. The duration of activity is 2 hours and activity is conducted at room temperature. Locally the ground surface can be heated over 500°C.

Process category (PROC):

PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Name of activity / technique:

Step 3: Projection of fused tungsten carbide powder with a laser - The powder mixture containing fused tungsten carbide (and an alloy such as nickel) is applied onto a steel part with a high power laser beam. During deposition of the hardfacing powder, there is a thin interface with a chemical combination between the steel and nickel based alloy. There is no chemical combination between fused tungsten carbide and nickel based alloy. Laser energy is brought together with the mixture powder flow, and the nickel based alloy melts. Fused tungsten carbide is not transformed or decomposed during the process. Only a small thickness (few µm) of the carbide surface is melted with the nickel based powder. The result is commonly a thick layer of carbide particles brazed together. Because the powder deposition efficiency is not 100%, a small quantity of powder is not embedded in the welded layer (a little richer in carbide content). It is collected and recycled. The duration of the activity is 8 hour at room temperature. Process temperature can be up to 2200°C. Steel part can be over 500°C.

Process category (PROC):

PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals

Product category used:

PC 7: Base metals and alloys

PC 14: Metal surface treatment products

PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products

Sector of end use:

SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment

Substance supplied to that use in form of:

in a mixture

Subsequent service life relevant for this use:

yes

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Deposition of hardfacing wire or powder using welding/brazing techniques

Uses at industrial sites

Registration/ Notification status for the use:

use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Name of activity / technique:

Deposition of hardfacing wire or powder using welding/brazing techniques

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Step 4: Maintenance and cleaning

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Step 4: Maintenance and cleaning

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Name of activity / technique:

Step 1: Preparation of the part receiving hardfacing

Process category (PROC):

PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Name of activity / technique:

The following activities were individually coded as PROC 25:
Step 2: Powdering the part
Step 3: Deposition of the hardfacing material

Process category (PROC):

PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals

Product category used:

PC 7: Base metals and alloys

PC 14: Metal surface treatment products

PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products

Sector of end use:

SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment

Substance supplied to that use in form of:

in a mixture

Subsequent service life relevant for this use:

yes

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Deposition of hardfacing wire or powder using welding/brazing techniques

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Name of activity / technique:

Deposition of hardfacing wire or powder using welding/brazing techniques

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Step 1: Preparation of the part receiving hardfacing - The part or the tool to be hardfaced is cleaned by sandblasting or hand grinding in order to remove dust, oil or oxides. All sharp edges are rounded. The duration of activity is 2 hours and activity is conducted at room temperature. Locally the ground surface can be heated over 500°C.

Process category (PROC):

PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Step 2: Powdering the part - For steel parts, prior to application of the fused tungsten carbide-containing hardfacing, it is necessary to project a protective layer of nickel-based alloy with an oxy-acetylene torch. The steel part is heated over 150°C with a torch. Locally the nickel-based alloy melts and the temperature is over 1000°C. The duration of the activity is 1 hour at room temperature.

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Name of activity / technique:

Step 3: Deposition of the hardfacing material - Hardfacing wire applied using oxy-acetylene torch. This involves a brazing process during which there is no chemical combination between the hardfacing wire and the part to be hardfaced. A flame is brought close to fused tungsten carbide-containing wire. Molten wire drops on the part and spreads evenly on it. Fused tungsten carbide is not transformed or decomposed during the welding. The result is commonly a thick layer of carbide particles brazed together. The layer is brazed to the part.
Hardfacing powder applied using oxy-acetylene torch: A specially designed oxy-acetylene torch is used. The part to be hardfaced is heated with the torch. Fused tungsten carbide powder mixture is introduced into the gas stream from a powder hopper and then transferred to the part via the flame. The duration of the activity is 8 hour at room temperature. The flame is locally 2900 °C. The part receiving hardfacing can be over 500°C.

Process category (PROC):

PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Name of activity / technique:

Step 4: Maintenance and cleaning - Various maintenance and cleaning operations inside and outside the equipment. Exposure to fused tungsten carbide powder possible.

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Product category used:

PC 7: Base metals and alloys

PC 14: Metal surface treatment products

PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products

Sector of end use:

SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment

Substance supplied to that use in form of:

in a mixture

Subsequent service life relevant for this use:

yes

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Deposition of hardfacing wire or powder using welding/brazing techniques

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals

Product category used:

PC 7: Base metals and alloys

PC 14: Metal surface treatment products

PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products

Sector of end use:

SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment

Substance supplied to that use in form of:

in a mixture

Subsequent service life relevant for this use:

yes

Deposition of hardfacing powders using laser techniques

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Process category (PROC):

PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 4

Process category (PROC):

PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals

Product category used:

PC 7: Base metals and alloys

PC 14: Metal surface treatment products

PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products

Sector of end use:

SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment

Substance supplied to that use in form of:

in a mixture

Subsequent service life relevant for this use:

yes

Deposition of hardfacing wire or powder using welding/brazing techniques

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Name of activity / technique:

Deposition of hardfacing wire or powder using welding/brazing techniques

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Step 4: Maintenance and cleaning

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Step 1: Preparation of the part receiving hardfacing

Process category (PROC):

PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Name of activity / technique:

Step 2: Powdering the part
Step 3: Deposition of the hardfacing material

Process category (PROC):

PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals

Product category used:

PC 7: Base metals and alloys

PC 14: Metal surface treatment products

PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products

Sector of end use:

SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys

SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment

Substance supplied to that use in form of:

in a mixture

Subsequent service life relevant for this use:

yes

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR

Deposition of hardfacing powders using laser techniques

Uses at industrial sites

Contributing activity / technique for the environment

Name of activity / technique:

Deposition of hardfacing powders using laser techniques

Environmental release category (ERC):

ERC5: Use at industrial site leading to inclusion into/onto article

Contributing activity / technique for workers

Contributing activity / technique for workers 1

Name of activity / technique:

Step 1: Preparation

Process category (PROC):

PROC 8a: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at non-dedicated facilities

PROC 8b: Transfer of substance or mixture (charging and discharging) at dedicated facilities

Contributing activity / technique for workers 2

Name of activity / technique:

Step 1: Preparation of the part receiving hardfacing

Process category (PROC):

PROC 24: High (mechanical) energy work-up of substances bound in materials and/or articles

Contributing activity / technique for workers 3

Name of activity / technique:

Step 3: Projection of Reaction mass of ditungsten carbide and tungsten carbide powder with a laser

Process category (PROC):

PROC 25: Other hot work operations with metals

Product category used:

PC 7: Base metals and alloys

PC 14: Metal surface treatment products

PC 38: Welding and soldering products, flux products

Sector of end use:

SU 14: Manufacture of basic metals, including alloys

SU 15: Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

SU 17: General manufacturing, e.g. machinery, equipment, vehicles, other transport equipment

Substance supplied to that use in form of:

in a mixture

Subsequent service life relevant for this use:

yes

Related assessment:

use assessed in a joint CSR