Valeraldehyde

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Test performed in 1998.

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: NITE: Data from reliable database OECD SIDS: Data from reliable peer-reviewed source

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: 15.9, 28.6, 51.4, 92.6, 166.7, and 300.0 mg/L

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: test substance dissolved in HCO-50
- Differential loading: Each test solution was prepared by adding the original test solution to dilution water.
- Controls: blank, vehicle control (100 mg/L HCO-50)
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): dispersion adjuvant: hardened castor oil (HCO-50)

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Source: original source from National Institute for Environmental Studies; culture at test facility
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): first instar (< 24 h)
- Feeding during test: none

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

224 mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

19.6 to 19.9 °C

pH:

7.0 to 7.6

Dissolved oxygen:

7.9 to 8.9 mg/L (89 to 100% oxygen saturation)

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal: 15.9, 28.6, 51.4, 92.6, 166.7, and 300.0 mg/L
mean measured: <2.0, 4.7, 20.6, 48.2, 80.6, and 177.1 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass beaker, 100 mL test solution
- Aeration:
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter):
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate):
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: 1 animal/ 20 mL


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Elendt M4


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h light : 8 h dark
- Light intentsity: 739 to 950 lux


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- immobility: 24 h, 48 h

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: ca. 1.8

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

31.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 20.6 to 48.2 mg/L

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

20.6 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

See IUCLID section "Any other information on results incl. tables"

Immobilization

Test item concentration (mg/L)		Number of immobilized aninmals (percentage of total exposed)
nominal	mean measured^1	24 hours	48 hours
Control	<2.0^2	0	0
15.9	<2.0^2	0	0
28.6	4.7	0	0
51.4	20.6	0	0
92.6	48.2	16 (80)	20 (100)
166.7	80.6	20 (100)	20 (100)
300.0	177.1	20 (100)	20 (100)

1: Mean measured concentration = mean of 0-hour and 24-hour concentration values

2: analytical detection limit for valeraldehyde

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Daphnia magna: 48-h EC50 = 32 mg/L (NITE, 2010)

Executive summary:

Valeraldehyde was tested on the aquatic invertebrate Daphnia magna in a immobilisation test following OECD 202. The test period was 48 hours. Test concentrations were analytically verified. The 48-hour EC50 was 32 mg/L (NITE, 2010).

Description of key information

Waterflea (D. magna): 48-h EC50 = 32 mg/L (OECD 202; NITE, 2010)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

32 mg/L

Additional information

The acute toxicity to aquatic invertebrates was determined in a 48-h acute toxicity test. The EC50 was 32 mg/L (measured).

Hence, valeraldehyde is acutely harmful to aquatic invertebrates.