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EC number: 202-879-8 | CAS number: 100-69-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 25 February 2002 - 26 March 2002
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: OECD Guideline study under GLP conditions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 002
- Report date:
- 2002
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- : Ministry of the Environment, Japan(2001)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-vinylpyridine
- EC Number:
- 202-879-8
- EC Name:
- 2-vinylpyridine
- Cas Number:
- 100-69-6
- Molecular formula:
- C7H7N
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-ethenylpyridine
- Reference substance name:
- 2-ethenylpyridine
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-ethenylpyridine
- Details on test material:
- - Physical state: Red-brown and transparent liquid
- Analytical purity: 99.2 % (Capillary Column GC)
- Impurities: No data
- Lot/batch No.: ELE1957
- Storage condition of test material: in cool and dark place
- Stability unde the storage condition: The test substance was stable under the storage conditions, as shown by the finding that IR spectra of the test substance before and after the study were identical.
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Frequency: at the start and the end of the exposure
- Sampling: Samples were taken from each of the four vessels per concentration and mixed.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The test substance was weighed and dissolved in dilution water to prepare a stock solution of 100mg/L.
Test solution was prepared in each test vessel by mixing the appropriate volume of the stock solution with dilution water. The test solution was divided into each test vessel.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain: Clone A
- Source: Young daphnids produced by 17 d-old parents which were cultured in the testing laboratory were used. Daphnids originally came from the University of Sheffield (Address: Sheffield S10 2UQ, United Kingdom).
- Age at study initiation: ≪ 24 h-old
- Feeding during test: No
OTHER
- Confirming the reproducibility of the test conditions:
Reference substance: potassium dichromate, reagent chemical, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
Results: 48h EC50: 0.262 mg/L (within the acceptable range* in this laboratory)
*mean±2S.D.: 0.0990 - 0.341 mg/L [mean±S.D.: 0.220±0.061 mg/L (n=33)]
- Reason for selection of species: Species recommended in the test guideline
- Allocation to the test groups: At random
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- No data
- Test temperature:
- 20.2 - 20.7 (20 ± 1) °C
- pH:
- 7.6 - 7.8
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.7 - 8.8 mg/L (≫ 60 % of the O2 saturation value at the test temperature)
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 25.0, 15.6, 9.77, 6.10 and 3.81 mg/L (geometric series with a factor of 1.6, basis on the range finding study)
Measured concentrations: 19.4, 12.5, 7.93, 5.18 and 3.23 mg/L (% of the nominal: 101 - 103 % (start of the exposure) and 58.1 - 70.7 % (end of the exposure)) - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material: Glass
- Size: 100 mL
- Fill volume: 100 mL
- Thermostatic bath: Water bath with warming/cooling unit
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Dechlorinated tap water, aerated sufficiently and controlled temperature
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: 16 h photoperiod daily
- Light intensity: At room light
OBSERVATION AND MEASUREMENTS
- Daphnids: Immobility and symptom were observed at 24 and 48 hours. Daphnids were considered immobile if they were not able to swim within 15 seconds after gentle agitation of the test vessel.
- Test solutions: Appearance of the test solutions was observed before and after the exposure. Dissolved oxygen concentration, pH and water temperature of the test solutions were measured at the start and the end of the exposure. At the start of the exposure, another solution sampled from the container for preparation was used for the measurement. At the end of exposure, the measurement was carried out for one test vessel in each level. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 16 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL= 12.5 - 19.4 mg/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 9.48 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL= 7.93 - 12.5 mg/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 3.23 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - The lowest concentration of 100% immobility at 48 hours: 12.5 mg/L
- The Highest concentration of 0% immobility at 48 hours: 3.23 mg/L
- Immobility of control: 0 %, which meets the criterion for the validity of the test (i.e. not more than 10%)
- Abnormal responses: Immobilization, Lethargic, Reduced activity
- Appearance of the test solutions: clear and colorless at the start of the exposure and kept until the end of the exposure
- There were no factors which might have affected the reliability of the test - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The results of the study were estimated by time weighted mean of measured concentration because the measured concentrations were exceeded ± 20% of nominal concentrations during the exposure.
STATISTICS
- EC50: Binomial method
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 3. Percent immobility
Nominal Concentration |
Percent Immobility (%) |
||||
24 hours |
48 hours |
||||
Control |
A |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
B |
0 |
0 |
|||
C |
0 |
0 |
|||
D |
0 |
0 |
|||
3.23 |
A |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
B |
0 |
0 |
|||
C |
0 |
0 |
|||
D |
0 |
0 |
|||
5.18 |
A |
0 |
0 |
20 |
5 |
B |
0 |
0 |
|||
C |
0 |
0 |
|||
D |
0 |
0 |
|||
7.93 |
A |
0 |
0 |
20 |
10 |
B |
0 |
0 |
|||
C |
0 |
0 |
|||
D |
0 |
20 |
|||
12.5 |
A |
0 |
0 |
100 |
100 |
B |
0 |
100 |
|||
C |
0 |
100 |
|||
D |
0 |
100 |
|||
19.4 |
A |
100 |
95 |
100 |
100 |
B |
100 |
100 |
|||
C |
100 |
100 |
|||
D |
80 |
100 |
Table 4. Abnomal respnses
Nominal Concentration (mg/L) | Abnormal responses | |
24 hours | 48 hours | |
Control | - | - |
3.23 | - | - |
5.18 | - | IM |
7.93 | - | IM, RA |
12.5 | - | IM, LETH |
19.4 | IM, LETH, RA | IM, LETH |
IM: Immobilization
LETH: Lethargic
RA: Reduced activity
-: No symptom was observed.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Test conditions (dissolved oxygen content > 3 mg/L) were acceptable: immobilization of invertebrates in control groups was less than 10%.
- Conclusions:
- The acute toxicity of 2-Vinylpyridine to Daphnia magna was investigated in a standard test protocol (OECD guideline 202). After 48 h of exposure, the EC50 for immobilization was 9.48 mg/L, and the NOEC was 3.25 mg/L.
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