Cyanoacetic acid

Short-term toxicity to fish

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Non-GLP guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1989

Report date:

1989

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: DIN 38412, part L15

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Cyanoacetic acid

EC Number:

206-743-9

EC Name:

Cyanoacetic acid

Cas Number:

372-09-8

Molecular formula:

C3H3NO2

IUPAC Name:

cyanoacetic acid

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Cyanoacetic acid
- Analytical purity: 99.9 %

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

no

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The test solution was prepared by adding the test item to the test media without any pre-treatment, subsequently the fish were placed into the aquaria.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Leuciscus idus

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Golden orfe
- Source: Fischzucht Paul Eggers, 2354 Hohenweststedt, Germany
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 7.6 cm (range 7.0 - 8.6 cm)
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 4.0 g (range 2.7 - 6.1 g)


ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 3 days
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same
- Type and amount of food: Growing feed FB 50, Ssniff Spezialdiaeten GmbH, Soest, Germany; ad libitum
- Feeding frequency: 1 day before and during exposure
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): no mortality observed

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Test conditions

Hardness:

2.5 mmol/l

Test temperature:

20 - 21 °C

pH:

8.0

Dissolved oxygen:

7.1 - 8.8 mg/l

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal test concentration (mg/l):
10.0,
21.5,
46.4,
100,
215,
control,
pH control (215 mg/l)

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: All glass aquaria (30 x 22 x 24 cm)
- Fill volume: 10 l
- Aeration: slight
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: 4 g fish/l


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted freshwater according to DIN 38412, Part II, 1982.
- Ca/mg ratio: 4 : 1



OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: at a concentration of 215 mg/l
- Photoperiod: 16 : 8 hours day-night regime


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
Mortality and symptoms of intoxication after 1, 4, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2.2
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: LC 50 (96h) 10 > 100 mg/l

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Chloroacetamide

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

46 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

ca. 67.82 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: ; (geom. mean)

Details on results:

The test substance causes a change in the pH value of the test system. The results refer to an unneutralised sample. After neutralisation of the test solution at a test concentration level of 215 mg/l, cyanoacetic acid was observed to have a significant reduction in the level of toxicity.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

48 h-LC50 of the positive control chloroacetamide: about 31 mg/l (corresponds to normal sensitivity).

Any other information on results incl. tables

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Nominal test / Cumulative mortality (%) after x hours /
concentration / 1 / 4 / 24 / 48 / 72 / 96 /
(mg/l)
Control / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 /
1.0.0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 /
21.5 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 /
46.4 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 /
100.0 / 60 / 100 / 100 / 100 / 100 / 100 /
215.0 / 100 / 100 / 100 / 100 / 100 / 100 /

Control / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 /
215.0** / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 100 /
(** = neutralized)

Symptoms of intoxication:

Nominal test / Symptoms of intoxication after x hours
concentration / 1 / 4 / 24 / 48 / 72 / 96 /
(mg/l)
Control / - / - / - / - / - / - /
10.0 / - / - / - / - / - / - /
21.5 / - / - / - / - / - / - /
46.4 / - / - / - / - / - / - /
100.0 / AN / + / + / + / + / + /
215.0 / + / + / + / + / + / + /


Control / - / - / - / - / - / - /
215.0 / - / - / - / - / - / + /
(** = neutralized)


Definitions of Symptoms:
-: No symptoms
A: Apathy
N: Narcotic-like state
+: All fish dead