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EC number: 206-992-3 | CAS number: 420-04-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- adult fish: sub(lethal) effects
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1990
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 204 (Fish, Prolonged Toxicity Test: 14-day Study)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: U.S. EPA-FIFRA, 40 CFR, Section 158.145, Guideline 72-1.
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Analytical verification of the aqueous solution of Cyanamide was made on test solutions sampled on days 0, 1, 4, 7, 10, 14 and 21 of the study.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Not indicated
- Test organisms (species):
- Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
- Details on test organisms:
- Not indicated
- Test type:
- flow-through
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
- Post exposure observation period:
- No post exposure observation
- Hardness:
- not indicated
- Test temperature:
- 14 °C - 16 °C
- pH:
- All chemical and physical parameters (dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, temperature) in the definitive test were within expected ranges.
- Dissolved oxygen:
- All chemical and physical parameters (dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, temperature) in the definitive test were within expected ranges.
- Salinity:
- Freshwater
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test substance concentrations of 1.9, 3.8, 7.5, 15.0 and 30.0 mg of a 49 % (w/w) aqueous solution of cyanamide/L (equivalent to 0.93, 1.9, 3.7, 7.4 and 15.0 mg as/L).
Mean measured concentrations of the 49 % (w/w) aqueous solution of cyanamide were 1.9, 3.6, 7.5, 15.0 and 30.0 mg/L (equivalent to 0.95, 1.8, 3.7, 7.2 and 15.0 mg as/L) and ranged from 99 ± 2.2 % of nominal concentrations. - Details on test conditions:
- Test solutions were supplied to each replicate test chamber by a continuous flow metering system at a rate of approximately 1 L at an average rate of 8.5 times per hour. Test solutions were maintained between 14 and 16 °C. Temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH were measured in the control and in the low, middle and high concentrations on days 0, 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 18 and 21 of the study. The samples of the test medium were analysed by UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Daily observations were made for behavioural/sublethal effects.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 11.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 3.7 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- other: lack of sublethal effects
- Details on results:
- Mortality occurred in the 30.0 mg/L treatment. One fish got lost in the 7.5 mg/L treatment in the period between day 18 and 21. One fish in the control chamber was found dead on day 21. This mortality was believed to be an aberration since all fish appeared to be normal on day 20 in this chamber.
Sublethal/behavioural responses (e.g. dark discoloration, laboured respiration, loss of equilibrium, quiescence, fish on bottom of aquaria, flared gills, surfacing and vertical orientation) were noted in the 15 and 30 mg/L test levels - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- No positive control
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Not indicated
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- In the trout flow-through test the 21 day LC50 was calculated to be 24.0 mg of a 49 % (w/w) aqueous solution of cyanamide/L based on the mean measured concentrations (equivalent to 11.8 mg as/L). The 21-day NOEC was 7.5 mg/L, based on mean measured concentrations and a lack of sublethal effects after 21 days (equivalent to 3.7 mg as/L). The mean measured concentrations are nearly identical to the nominal concentrations.
- Executive summary:
The effects of a 49 % (w/w) aqueous solution of cyanamide on Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were determined under flow-through conditions for 21 days. A water control and nominal test substance concentrations of 1.9, 3.8, 7.5, 15.0 and 30.0 mg of a 49 % (w/w) aqueous solution of cyanamide/L (equivalent to 0.93, 1.9, 3.7, 7.4 and 15.0 mg as/L) were used during the study. A total of 20 trout per concentration were used. Analytical verification of the aqueous solution of cyanamide was made on test solutions sampled on days 0, 1, 4, 7, 10, 14 and 21 of the study. Test solutions were supplied to each replicate test chamber by a continuous flow metering system at a rate of approximately 1 L at an average rate of 8.5 times per hour. Test solutions were maintained between 14 and 16 °C. Temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH were measured in the control and in the low, middle and high concentrations on days 0, 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 18 and 21 of the study. The samples of the test medium were analysed by UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Daily observations were made for behavioural/sublethal effects. All chemical and physical parameters (dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, temperature) in the definitive test were within expected ranges. Mean measured concentrations of the 49 % (w/w) aqueous solution of cyanamide were 1.9, 3.6, 7.5, 15.0 and 30.0 mg/L (equivalent to 0.95, 1.8, 3.7, 7.2 and 15.0 mg as/L) and ranged from 99 ± 2.2 % of nominal concentrations. In the test medium the test item was sufficiently stable during the test period of 21 d. Mortality occurred in the 30.0 mg/L treatment. One fish got lost in the 7.5 mg/L treatment in the period between day 18 and 21. One fish in the control chamber was found dead on day 21. This mortality was believed to be an aberration since all fish appeared to be normal on day 20 in this chamber. Sublethal/behavioural responses (e.g. dark discoloration, laboured respiration, loss of equilibrium, quiescence, fish on bottom of aquaria, flared gills, surfacing and vertical orientation) were noted in the 15 and 30 mg/L test levels. In the trout flow-through test the 21 day LC50 was calculated to be 24.0 mg of a 49 % (w/w) aqueous solution of cyanamide/L based on the mean measured concentrations (equivalent to 11.8 mg as/L). The 21-day NOEC was 7.5 mg/L, based on mean measured concentrations and a lack of sublethal effects after 21 days (equivalent to 3.7 mg as/L). The mean measured concentrations are nearly identical to the nominal concentrations.
Reference
Long-term toxicity (21 d) of cyanamide to Rainbow trout – Summary of endpoints:
Endpoint | Mean measured concentration of 49 % (w/w) aqueous solution of cyanamide |
LC50 | 24.0 mg/L (11.8 mg as/L) |
No observed effect concentration (NOEC) | 7.5 mg/L (3.7 mg as/L) |
Description of key information
The test substance cyanamide (49 % (w/w) aqueous solution of cyanamide) was examined for its long-term toxicity to fish (Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)) in one available study. In this trout flow-through, 21 day test the calculated LC50 was 11.8 mg of pure active ingredient (ai) cyanamide/L and NOEC of 3.7 mg ai/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect concentration:
- 3.7 mg/L
Additional information
One experimental study on the long-term toxicity of cyanamide to fish is available and summarized below.
The effects of a 49 % (w/w) aqueous solution of cyanamide on Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were determined in accordance with OECD TG 204 and GLP principles under flow-through conditions for 21 days. A water control and nominal test substance concentrations of 1.9, 3.8, 7.5, 15.0 and 30.0 mg of a 49 % (w/w) aqueous solution of cyanamide/L (equivalent to 0.93, 1.9, 3.7, 7.4 and 15.0 mg as/L) were used during the study. A total of 20 trout per concentration were used. All chemical and physical parameters (dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, temperature) in the definitive test were within expected ranges. Mean measured concentrations of the 49 % (w/w) aqueous solution of cyanamide were 1.9, 3.6, 7.5, 15.0 and 30.0 mg/L (equivalent to 0.95, 1.8, 3.7, 7.2 and 15.0 mg as/L) and ranged from 99 ± 2.2 % of nominal concentrations. In the test medium the test item was sufficiently stable during the test period of 21 d. Mortality occurred in the 30.0 mg/L treatment. One fish got lost in the 7.5 mg/L treatment in the period between day 18 and 21. One fish in the control chamber was found dead on day 21. This mortality was believed to be an aberration since all fish appeared to be normal on day 20 in this chamber. Sublethal/behavioural responses (e.g. dark discoloration, laboured respiration, loss of equilibrium, quiescence, fish on bottom of aquaria, flared gills, surfacing and vertical orientation) were noted in the 15 and 30 mg/L test levels. In the trout flow-through test the 21 day LC50 was calculated to be 24.0 mg of a 49 % (w/w) aqueous solution of cyanamide/L based on the mean measured concentrations (equivalent to 11.8 mg as/L). The 21-day NOEC was 7.5 mg/L, based on mean measured concentrations and a lack of sublethal effects after 21 days (equivalent to 3.7 mg as/L).
The test was performed in 1990 according to the then state of internationally accepted scientific methods and GLP principles. The derived NOEC covers an exposure duration of 21 days. Therefore, the test data is considered relevant and acceptable for the assessment of the long-term hazard to fish. Thus, additional long-term testing with fish is regarded scientifically not necessary and not justified with regard to animal welfare.
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