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Description of key information

The RD50 values were almost equal for (+)-pinenes enantiomers, (+)-delta-3-carene and the mixture of terpenes (from 1107 to 1419 ppm). 
RD50 for (-)-beta-pinene was 3.4-4.5 fold higher and (-)-alpha-pinene was practically inactive as a sensory irritant. Histopathological examinations of the exposed animals showed no signs of irritation for all tested terpenes.

Additional information

Sensory irritation caused by several terpenes enantiomers ((-)/(+)-alpha-pinene, (-)/(+)-beta-pinene, (+)-delta-3-carene and a mixture of terpenes) was studied in mice by following decrease in respiratory frequency. The RD50 values, corresponding to the concentration resulting in 50% decrease in mean respiratory frequency of exposed mice, were almost equal for (+)-pinenes enantiomers, (+)-delta-3-carene and the mixture of terpenes (from 1107 to 1419 ppm). RD50 for (-)-beta-pinene was 3.4-4.5 fold higher and (-)-alpha-pinene was practically inactive as a sensory irritant. The same discrepency between (-) and (+)-alpha-pinene in RD50 values was confirmed by Nielsen et al.

Histopathological examinations of the lungs of the exposed animals showed no signs of irritation for all tested terpenes.