Chlorosulphuric acid

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Short term toxicity to fish:

Short term toxicity study of test chemical was performed on the growth of Salmo gairdneri. Test conducted under the static system for 48 hrs. After the exposure of test chemical with freshwater Salmo gairdneri for 48 hrs, effect LC100 were observed at 5740 mg/l. Thus based on the LC100 value, it can be concluded that the chemical was nontoxic to the fish and thus not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Long term toxicity to fish:

Based on the prediction done using ECOSAR class, the long term toxicity on fish was predicted for test substance. On the basis of no effects observed in a semi-static freshwater system, the NOEC value for the substance is estimated to be 473.6 mg/l for fish for 28 days of exposure duration. Based on this value, it can be concluded that the test chemical can be considered as nontoxic to fish at environmentally relevant concentration and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria. 

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate:

Aim of this study was to assess the short term toxicity of test chemical to aquatic invertebrate daphnia magna. Study was performed according to the OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test) in a static system for the total exposure period of 48 hrs. The stock solution 100 mg/l was prepared by dissolving pale yellow liquid in reconstituted water. Test solutions of required concentrationas were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with reconstituted water. 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/l concentrations were used in the study. Effects on immobilisation were observed for 48 hours. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was also run simultaneously. After the exposure of chemical, effect concentration EC50 was calculated using nonlinear regression by the software Prism 4.0. The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance in Daphnia magna was determined to be 30.1 mg/L on the basis of mobility inhibition effects in a 48 hour study. Based on the EC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic invertebrates and can be consider to be classified as aquatic chronic 3 category as per the CLP criteria. Tested substance is an acid and that is why the higher concentration the lower pH. The optimum pH for daphnia is 6 -9. The inhibition of daphnids could be influence by the pH at the concentration higher than 20 mg/l. Based on the acidic nature of test chemical and the lower acidic values, we cannot classify chemical as toxic on the basis of EC50 value.

 

 

Long term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates:

Based on the prediction done using ECOSAR class, the long term toxicity on aquatic invertebrate daphnia was predicted for test substance. On the basis of no effects observed in a freshwater system, the NOEC value for the substance is estimated to be 165.7 mg/l for daphnia for 21 days of exposure duration. Based on this value, it can be concluded that the test chemical can be considered to be non toxic to aquatic invertebrate daphnia at environmentally relevant concentration and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria. 

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria:

Aim of this study was to evaluate the nature of chemical test chemical when comes in contact with the test organism Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus). Test was conducted according to the OECD guideline 201. The stock solution 100 mg/l was prepared by dissolving pale yellow liquid in OECD growth medium Test solutions of required concentrations were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with OECD growth medium and inoculum culture. Various concentrations 0, 3.1, 6.2, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/l were used. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was also run simultaneously. After the exposure of chemical, effect concentration EC50 was calculated using nonlinear regression by the software Prism 4.0. Effect on the growth of algae was determine after an exposure period of 72 hrs. Based on the growth rate inhibition of algae Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus) due to the exposure of chemical for 72 hrs, the ErC50 value was determine to be 23.2 mg/l. Based on this ErC50 value which indicates that the substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic algae and can be consider to be classified as aquatic chronic 3 category as per the CLP classification criteria. Tested substance is an acid and that is why the higher concentration the lower pH. The optimum pH for algae is about 8.0. The highest two concentrations could be influence by the lower pH. Adjustment of pH could change sample property. Thus on the basis of acidic nature of chemical, we cannot consider as toxic to algae and thus not classified in any criteria.

 

Toxicity to microorganisms:

Aim of this study was to determine the effect of test chemical on the bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens. Test conducted under the static system. Based on the effects observed on the growth of bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens, due to the test chemical exposure, no effect were observed at 8200 mg/l. As less effects were observed on the growth of bacteria, chemical consider to be nontoxic.

Additional information

Summarized result for the toxicity of test chemical on the growth and mortality of aquatic life’s including fish, invertebrates, algae and microorganism were studied and are as mention below:

Short term toxicity to fish:

Based on the short term toxicity studies available for the test chemical and structually and functionally similar read across chemicals, studies were reviewed to determine the toxic nature of test chemical on the mortality of fish. The studies are as mentioned below:

Short term toxicity study of test chemical was performed on the growth of Salmo gairdneri. Test conducted under the static system for 48 hrs. After the exposure of test chemical with freshwater Salmo gairdneri for 48 hrs, effect LC100 were observed at 5740 mg/l. Thus based on the LC100 value, it can be concluded that the chemical was nontoxic to the fish and thus not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

First study was supported by the second experimental study. Aim of this study was to determine the effect of test chemical on the mortality of freshwater fish Brachydanio rerio. Test conducted in accordance with OECD Guide–line 203 "Fish, Acute Toxicity Test". Test performed under the static system for 96 hrs. Based on the effects observed on the mortality of Brachydanio rerio, a freshwater fish due to the exposure of test chemical for 96 hrs, LC50 was observed to > 500 mg/l. Thus based on the LC50 value, it can be concluded that the chemical was nontoxic to the fish and thus not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Similar study was conducted to evaluate the effect of test chemical on the growth and mortality of freshwater fish Oncorrynchus masou. Test conducted under the static system for 96 hrs in which test chemical exposed with fishes. After the incubation period effect on the mortality were observed. Based on the effect observed on the mortality of fishes Oncorrynchus masou, after the exposure of test chemical for 96 hrs, LC50 was observed at 650 mg/l. Thus based on the above details and studies, test chemical consider to be nontoxic to fish and not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Long term toxicity to fish:

Based on the various long term studies available for the test chemical, studies were reviewed to determine the toxic nature of test chemical on the mortality of fish. The studies are as mentioned below:

 

Based on the prediction done using ECOSAR class, the long term toxicity on fish was predicted for test substance. On the basis of no effects observed in a semi-static freshwater system, the NOEC value for the substance is estimated to be 473.6 mg/l for fish for 28 days of exposure duration. Based on this value, it can be concluded that the test chemical can be considered as nontoxic to fish at environmentally relevant concentration and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria. 

 

Above data is supported by the second study. Long term toxic effect of test chemical were done with Tribolodon hakonensis for 10 days. Test conducted under the static system for 10 days. After the exposure of test chemical with fish Tribolodon hakonensis (Japanese barbel) for 10 days, LC50 was observed at 630 mg/l. Based on the LC50, chemical consider to be nontoxic and not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Thus based on the above data and experimental reports, chemical consider to be nontoxic and not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate:

Aim of this study was to assess the short term toxicity of test chemical to aquatic invertebrate daphnia magna. Study was performed according to the OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test) in a static system for the total exposure period of 48 hrs. The stock solution 100 mg/l was prepared by dissolving pale yellow liquid in reconstituted water. Test solutions of required concentrationas were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with reconstituted water. 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/l concentrations were used in the study. Effects on immobilisation were observed for 48 hours. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was also run simultaneously. After the exposure of chemical, effect concentration EC50 was calculated using nonlinear regression by the software Prism 4.0. The median effective concentration (EC50) for the test substance in Daphnia magna was determined to be 30.1 mg/L on the basis of mobility inhibition effects in a 48 hour study. Based on the EC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic invertebrates and can be consider to be classified as aquatic chronic 3 category as per the CLP criteria. Tested substance is an acid and that is why the higher concentration the lower pH. The optimum pH for daphnia is 6 -9. The inhibition of daphnids could be influence by the pH at the concentration higher than 20 mg/l. Based on the acidic nature of test chemical and the lower acidic values, we cannot classify chemical as toxic on the basis of EC50 value.

 

 

Long term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates:

Based on the prediction done using ECOSAR class, the long term toxicity on aquatic invertebrate daphnia was predicted for test substance. On the basis of no effects observed in a freshwater system, the NOEC value for the substance is estimated to be 165.7 mg/l for daphnia for 21 days of exposure duration. Based on this value, it can be concluded that the test chemical can be considered to be non toxic to aquatic invertebrate daphnia at environmentally relevant concentration and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria. 

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria:

Aim of this study was to evaluate the nature of chemical test chemical when comes in contact with the test organism Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus). Test was conducted according to the OECD guideline 201. The stock solution 100 mg/l was prepared by dissolving pale yellow liquid in OECD growth medium Test solutions of required concentrations were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with OECD growth medium and inoculum culture. Various concentrations 0, 3.1, 6.2, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/l were used. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was also run simultaneously. After the exposure of chemical, effect concentration EC50 was calculated using nonlinear regression by the software Prism 4.0. Effect on the growth of algae was determine after an exposure period of 72 hrs. Based on the growth rate inhibition of algae Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus) due to the exposure of chemical for 72 hrs, the ErC50 value was determine to be 23.2 mg/l. Based on this ErC50 value which indicates that the substance is likely to be hazardous to aquatic algae and can be consider to be classified as aquatic chronic 3 category as per the CLP classification criteria. Tested substance is an acid and that is why the higher concentration the lower pH. The optimum pH for algae is about 8.0. The highest two concentrations could be influence by the lower pH. Adjustment of pH could change sample property. Thus on the basis of acidic nature of chemical, we cannot consider as toxic to algae and thus not classified in any criteria.

 

Toxicity to microorganisms:

Data from various test chemicals was reviewed to determine the toxic nature of the test chemical on the growth of microorganisms. The studies are as mentioned below:

 

Aim of this study was to determine the effect of test chemical on the bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens. Test conducted under the static system. Based on the effects observed on the growth of bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens, due to the test chemical exposure, no effect were observed at 8200 mg/l. As less effects were observed on the growth of bacteria, chemical consider to be nontoxic.

 

First study was supported by the second experimental data. Aim of this study was to determine the effect of test chemical on the Pseudomonas putida. Test conducted under the static system for 16 hrs. Based on the effects observed on the growth of bacteria Pseudomonas putida, due to the test chemical exposure for 16 hrs the EC10 was observed at >= 1000 mg/l. As less effects were observed on the growth of bacteria, chemical consider to be nontoxic.

 

Similar study was also conducted on the Pseudomonas fluorescens. Aim of this study was to determine the effect of test chemical on the Pseudomonas putida. Test conducted under the static system for 16 hrs. Based on the effects observed on the growth of bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens, due to the test chemical incubation for 24 hrs the EC0 was observed at 6900 mg/l.

 

Thus based on both studies chemical toxicity value ranges from 6900-8200 mg/l.