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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Dermal absorption

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
dermal absorption in vivo
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
data from handbook or collection of data

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
HERA report on Alcohol Sulphates
Author:
A.I.S.E. and Cefic
Year:
2002
Bibliographic source:
http://www.heraproject.com/files/3-HH-04- HERA AS HH web wd.pdf

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:
No guideline exists for this type of appraisal.
GLP compliance:
no

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Sodium dodecyl sulphate
EC Number:
205-788-1
EC Name:
Sodium dodecyl sulphate
Cas Number:
151-21-3
Molecular formula:
C12H26O4S.Na
IUPAC Name:
sodium dodecyl sulfate
Constituent 2
Reference substance name:
erythromycin salt of hexadecylsulfate
IUPAC Name:
erythromycin salt of hexadecylsulfate
Test material form:
not specified
Radiolabelling:
other: partly

Test animals

Species:
guinea pig
Strain:
not specified
Sex:
not specified
Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
1. Dermal penetration of 14 C-labeled C 12 ASO4 Na (sodium lauryl sulfate) in guinea pigs amounted to 0.35 % of the applied
dose of 3 µmol. This value was obtained by comparison of the total amount excreted after i.p. or dermal application of the compound.

Administration / exposure

Type of coverage:
not specified
Vehicle:
not specified

Results and discussion

Absorption in different matrices:
Absorption by the percutaneous route is limited, however, since anionic surfactants tend to bind to the skin surface (Howes, 1975; Black and Howes, 1980). Early studies with isolated human skin were unable to detect penetration of a homologous series of AS, ranging from C8 to C18 (Blank and Gould, 1961). Animal studies confirmed a low level of percutaneous absorption of AS. Less than 0.4% of a 3 µmol dose of 35S-labeled C12AS-Na was percutaneously absorbed in guinea pigs, based on recovery of the radiolabel in urine, faeces and expired air (Prottey and Ferguson, 1975). Studies with rats indicated that pre-washing of the skin with surfactant enhanced AS skin penetration (Black and Howes, 1980).
For consumer exposure, actual dermal absorption is below 1% (Rice, 1977) or very low (Schäfer and Redelmeier, 1996). Taking into account read across uncertainties a default assumption of 10% dermal absorption was taken for deriving the DNEL. Since the dermal absorption decreases with increasing concentration of a solution this percentage can be expanded to workers as a worst case approach.

Applicant's summary and conclusion