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EC number: 213-701-3 | CAS number: 1003-14-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
- Remarks:
- combined repeated dose and carcinogenicity
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: well-documented report, comparable to guideline/standards
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 988
- Report date:
- 1988
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- according to NTP-internal guidelines
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Remarks:
- testing lab.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 1,2-epoxybutane
- EC Number:
- 203-438-2
- EC Name:
- 1,2-epoxybutane
- Cas Number:
- 106-88-7
- Molecular formula:
- C4H8O
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-ethyloxirane
- Details on test material:
- purity: > 99%
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Fischer 344
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Male and female rats were obtained from Charles River Breeding Laboratories, observed for 20-21 days, and assigned to groups according to tables of random numbers. Feed was available ad libitum during non-exposure periods; water was, available at all times.
Age when placed on study: 7-8 wk.
Identification: ear tag
Stainless steel wire bottom cages
Animal room environment: Temperature 73-76°F during exposure; humidity 46%-55% during exposure; fluorescent light 12h/d; 10 room air changes during exposure, 20 room air changes/h during non-exposure period
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: vapour
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- other: room air
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- The liquid to be vaporized was contained in a 1.6-liter stainless steel reservoir housed in a vapor hood in the exposure room. The liquid was pumped from this reservoir to a stainless steel cylinder covered with a glass fiber wick from which the liquid was vaporized. An 80-watt heater and a temperature-sensing element were incorporated within the cylinder. The heater maintained the vaporizer at approximately 58°C. The surface temperature of the vaporizer was slightly lower. To minimize material loss due to condensation on duct walls, each cylindrical vaporizer was positioned in the fresh air duct leading directly into the exposure chamber.
Uniformity of vapor concentration in each exposure chamber was measured with a portable photoionization detector periodically throughout the studies. The data showed that when expressed as a percentage of the normalized average concentration of all 12 sampling positions, the standard deviation did not exceed 5% for all but two measurements. (For those two measurements, the standard deviation was within 10%.)
Samples of the atmosphere in the 1,2-epoxybutane exposure chamber were examined for the occurrence of potential degradation products, specifically 1,2-butandiol. Through the use of a Hewlett Packard model 5840A gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector and a 6 ft x 4 mm 1D glass column packed with 10% Carbowax 20M on 801100 Chromosorb WAW, a single homogeneous peak was observed; no evidence for any degradation was detected. It is concluded from this study that the 1,2-epoxybutane vapor generated during these studies was at least 99% pure. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 13 weeks
- Frequency of treatment:
- 6 hours per day, 5 days per week (65 exposures)
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0, 50, 100, 200, 400, or 800 ppm (= 0.15, 0.30, 0.60, 1.18, 2.39 mg/l)
Basis:
nominal conc.
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
Examinations
- Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- Animals were checked twice per day; moribund animals were killed. Individual animal weights were recorded weekly.
- Sacrifice and pathology:
- At the end of the 13-week studies, survivors were killed. A necropsy was performed on all animals except those excessively autolyzed or cannibalized.
Necropsy performed on all animals; all controls and the two highest dose groups examined histologically. Tissues examined: adrenal glands, brain, esophagus, heart, kidneys, larynx, liver, lungs and mainstem bronchi, mandibular and mesenteric lymph nodes, nasal cavity and nasal turbinates. pancreas, parathyroids, pituitary gland, prostate or uterus/ovaries, salivary glands, skeletal muscle, skin with mammary gland, spleen, sternebrae or femur or vertebrae including marrow, stomach, thymus, thyroid gland, trachea, and urinary bladder. - Statistics:
- yes: e.g data recording, survival analyses, calculation of incidence
Results and discussion
Results of examinations
- Details on results:
- No compound-related deaths occurred. The final mean body weight of rats exposed at 800 ppm was 23% lower than that of the controls for males and 16% lower for females. No compound-related clinical signs were observed. Liver weight to body weight ratios were similar in dosed and control rats . Inflammation of the nasal cavity was seen in all rats that received l,2-epoxybutane at 800 ppm but not at lower concentrations. The inflammation was present primarily in the dorsal and lateral portions of the nasal cavity and affected the respiratory and olfactory epithelium. The lesion was characterized by lymphocytic and neutrophilic infiltration of the mucosa and accumulation of purulent exudate in the lumen of the nasal cavity, with focal loss of epithelial cells from the mucosa.
Effect levels
open allclose all
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Effect level:
- 200 ppm
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: overall effects
- Dose descriptor:
- LOAEC
- Effect level:
- 400 ppm
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: overall effects
Target system / organ toxicity
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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