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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

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Diss Factsheets

Physical & Chemical properties

Melting point / freezing point

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Reference
Endpoint:
melting point/freezing point
Type of information:
calculation (if not (Q)SAR)
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
data from handbook or collection of data
Guideline:
other: not applicable
Principles of method if other than guideline:
The melting temperature of graphene was estimated based on nucleation theory and systematic atomistic Monte Carlo simulations.
GLP compliance:
not specified
Key result
Melting / freezing pt.:
> 4 000 °C
Remarks on result:
other: interpolation within homologous series
Melting / freezing pt.:
4 627 °C
Remarks on result:
other: calculated based on atomistic simulations on the accuarate interatomic potential of carbon
Remarks:
Graphene
Melting / freezing pt.:
4 237 °C
Remarks on result:
other: calculated based on nucleation theory (atomistic simulations)
Remarks:
Graphene
Melting / freezing pt.:
3 650 °C
Remarks on result:
other: synthetic and natural graphite based on NIOSH database
Remarks:
Graphite
Conclusions:
The estimated melting point of graphene is above 4000 °C.
Executive summary:

Graphene is one of several possible modifications of elemental carbon. Other modifications are e.g. graphite, diament, fullerenes , carbon nano tubes.

For all modifications phase-transition is in general possible during processes like heating and of pressure changes.

Graphite is the most common carbon modification. Based on the molecular structure graphite consits of many graphene-layers. The melting point of graphite was determined to be about 3650 °C (NIOSH-database). The theoretical melting point of graphene was estimated in severel studies via atomistic simulations:Zakharchenko et al. (2011) estimated a melting point of 4626.85 °C, and Los et al. (2015) calculated a melting point of approx. 4510 K (approx. 4237 °C).

In general in can be concluded, that this in line with the reported melting point of graphite. It is a bit higher. In general the estimated melting point for graphene is above 4000 °C.

Description of key information

Graphene is one of several possible modifications of elemental carbon. Other modifications are e.g. graphite, diament, fullerenes , carbon nano tubes.

For all modifications phase-transition is in general possible during processes like heating and of pressure changes.

Graphite is the most common carbon modification. Based on the molecular structure graphite consits of many graphene-layers. The melting point of graphite was determined to be about 3650 °C (NIOSH-database). The theoretical melting point of graphene was estimated in severel studies via atomistic simulations:Zakharchenko et al. (2011) estimated a melting point of 4626.85 °C, and Los et al. (2015) calculated a melting point of approx. 4510 K (approx. 4237 °C).

In general in can be concluded, that this in line with the reported melting point of graphite. It is a bit higher. In general the estimated melting point for graphene is above 4000 °C.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Melting / freezing point at 101 325 Pa:
4 000 °C

Additional information