Aluminium triformate

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Administrative data

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

29 June 2010 to 16 August 2010

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline Study with GLP

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2010

Report date:

2010

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.4-C (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Carbon Dioxide Evolution Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Aluminium triformate

EC Number:

230-898-1

EC Name:

Aluminium triformate

Cas Number:

7360-53-4

Molecular formula:

CH2O2.1/3Al

IUPAC Name:

aluminium triformate

Details on test material:

Aluminiumtriformate contains 12.49 % Aluminium.

Study design

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted

Details on inoculum:

- Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): Activated sludge was collected from a sewage treatment works A-2500 Baden, which waste-water catchment is predominantly domestic. On arrival in the laboratory, the sample was aerated by means of a filtered compressed air before being used for the study.
The suspended solids concentration was determined by filtering a 5 mL sample through a pre-dried and pre-weighed glass filter (Whatman GF/C). The filter with solids were dried at 105 °C and re-weighed and the sludge solids determined by difference.
The inoculum was not acclimatised or adapted to "DIETHYLMALEINATE" before exposure to the test substance in this study. TThe concentration of the final suspended solids of the sludge in all vessels was nominally about 15 mg/L.

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial test substance concentration

Initial test substance concentration 1

Initial conc.:

89.9 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Initial test substance concentration 2

Initial conc.:

15 mg/L

Based on:

other: Carbon

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

CO2 evolution

Details on study design:

TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: mineral medium as described in the guideline.
- Additional substrate: none.
- Solubilising agent (type and concentration if used): none.
- Test temperature: mean 22.7 °C.
- pH: the pH of the media was between 7.2 and 7.9 , for details see additional background material: Key. Ipser 2010. Carbon Dioxide Evolution Test for Ready Biodegradability Tables and figures.pdf
- pH adjusted: no
- Suspended solids concentration: 15 mg/L.
- Continuous darkness: yes.

TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 5 L flasks.
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2 negative control flasks, 2 test substance flasks, 1 positive control flask, 1 toxicity control flask.
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: Apparatus for carbon dioxide scrubbing and a mixture of CO2-free oxygen and CO2-free nitrogen, from gas cylinders, in the correct proportions (20 % O2: 80 % N2) were used.
- Test performed in closed vessels.

SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: The CO2 evolution was determined on Days 1, 3, 6, 8, 10, 14, 17, 22, 27 and 28/29.
Day 0 was the day of the addition of the test substance to the medium.

CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: yes
- Abiotic sterile control: no
- Toxicity control: yes, containing test substance and positive reference substance.
- Other: Positive reference substance.

STATISTICAL METHODS: no.

Reference substance

Reference substance:

benzoic acid, sodium salt

Results and discussion

Preliminary study:

None.

Test performance:

No unusual observations were made.

% Degradation

% Degradation 1

Parameter:

% degradation (CO2 evolution)

Value:

60.6

Sampling time:

8 d

% Degradation 2

Parameter:

% degradation (CO2 evolution)

Value:

84.9

Sampling time:

28 d

Details on results:

In this test the carbon dioxide evolution from "ALUMINIUM TRIFORMATE" with a nominal concentration of 15 mg carbon/L reached a maximum of 84.9 % after 28 days of incubation. More than 60 % biodegradation was obtained within the 10 d window which started at about Day 4.
For more details please see additional background material: Key. Ipser 2010. Carbon Dioxide Evolution Test for Ready Biodegradability Tables and figures.pdf.

BOD5 / COD results

Results with reference substance:

Positive control: The plateau of biodegradation was reached on about Day 10 and the degradation of the positive reference substance sodium benzoate exceeded the pass level of 60 % on about Day 8. The theoretical CO2 production of the positive control reached 69.5% on day 14. The test is considered to be valid.
Toxicity control: Degradation in the toxicity control, which contained sodium benzoate and the test substance, was not indicative of an inhibition of the microbial activity by the test substance. The final biodegradation was 67.1 %.

Any other information on results incl. tables

For more details please see additional background material: Key. Ipser 2010. Carbon Dioxide Evolution Test for Ready Biodegradability Tables and figures.pdf.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

Aim and methods:
The biodegradability of "ALUMINIUM TRIFORMATE" was analysed by the determination of carbon dioxide evolution at frequent intervals over a 28 day period.
The method used was that described in Part C.4-C of the Regulation (EC) 440/2008 and in the OECD Guideline 301B.

Results:
• The reference substance sodium benzoate was degraded by 69.5 % within 14 days.
• Degradation in the toxicity control, which contained sodium benzoate and the test substance, was not indicative of an inhibition of the microbial activity by the test substance.
• The carbon dioxide evolution from "ALUMINIUM TRIFORMATE" with a nominal concentration of 15 mg carbon/L reached a maximum of 84.9 % after 28 days of incubation. More than 60 % biodegradation was obtained within the 10 d window which started at about Day 4.

Classification:
According to the Guidelines a substance giving a result greater than 60 % degradation within a 10-d window within 28 days is regarded as "readily biodegradable".
According to the results of this study, "ALUMINIUM TRIFORMATE" can therefore be classified as readily biodegradable.

Executive summary:

Aim and methods:

The biodegradability of "ALUMINIUM TRIFORMATE" was analysed by the determination of carbon dioxide evolution at frequent intervals over a 28 day period.

The method used was that described in Part C.4-C of the Regulation (EC) 440/2008 and in the OECD Guideline 301B.

Results:

• The reference substance sodium benzoate was degraded by 69.5 % within 14 days.

• Degradation in the toxicity control, which contained sodium benzoate and the test substance, was not indicative of an inhibition of the microbial activity by the test substance.

• The carbon dioxide evolution from "ALUMINIUM TRIFORMATE" with a nominal concentration of 15 mg carbon/L reached a maximum of 84.9 % after 28 days of incubation. More than 60 % biodegradation was obtained within the 10 d window which started at about Day 4.

Classification:

According to the Guidelines a substance giving a result greater than 60 % degradation within a 10-d window within 28 days is regarded as "readily biodegradable".

According to the results of this study, "ALUMINIUM TRIFORMATE" can therefore be classified as readily biodegradable.