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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 264-439-1 | CAS number: 63741-10-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 016
- Report date:
- 2016
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- N-(2-chloroethyl)-4-[(2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenyl)azo]-N-ethyl-m-toluidine
- EC Number:
- 264-439-1
- EC Name:
- N-(2-chloroethyl)-4-[(2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenyl)azo]-N-ethyl-m-toluidine
- Cas Number:
- 63741-10-6
- Molecular formula:
- C17H17N4O2Cl3
- IUPAC Name:
- N-(2-chloroethyl)-4-[(2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenyl)azo]-N-ethyl-m-toluidine
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Details on test material:
- Anthraquinone dye, blue powder
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- The batch of Disperse Brown 27 (4852-1501) tested was a brown powder with a purity of 99.7 %
In vitro test system
- Test system:
- human skin model
- Source species:
- human
- Cell type:
- non-transformed keratinocytes
- Cell source:
- other: EPISKIN Small ModelTM (EPISKIN-SMTM, 0.38 cm2, Batch no.: 16-EKIN-036
- Justification for test system used:
- In the interest of sound science and animal welfare, a sequential testing strategy is recommended to minimise the need of in vivo testing. One of the validated in vitro skin irritation tests is the EPISKIN test, which is recommended in international guidelines (e.g. OECD and EC).
- Details on test system:
- This model is a three-dimensional human epidermis model, which consists of adult humanderived epidermal keratinocytes which have been seeded on a dermal substitute consisting of a collagen type I matrix coated with type IV collagen. The keratinocytes were cultured for 13 days, which results in a highly differentiated and stratified epidermis model comprising the main basal, supra basal, spinous and granular layers and a functional stratum corneum.
- Control samples:
- yes, concurrent negative control
- yes, concurrent positive control
- Amount/concentration applied:
- The skin was moistened with 5 μl Milli-Q water (Millipore Corp., Bedford, Mass., USA) to ensure close contact of the test item to the tissue and the solid test item (10.3 to 12.7 mg) was added into 12-well plates on top of the skin tissues. Three tissues were treated with 25 μl PBS (negative control) and 3 tissues with 25 μl 5% SDS (positive control) respectively. The positive control was re-spread after 7 minutes contact time.
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- The test consists of topical application of Disperse Brown 27 on the skin tissue for 15 minutes. The tissues were washed with phosphate buffered saline to remove residual test item. After rinsing, the cell culture inserts were each dried carefully and moved to a new well on 2 ml pre-warmed maintenance medium until all tissues were dosed and rinsed. Subsequently the skin tissues were incubated for 42 hours at 37°C.
- Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):
- Post-treatment incubation peiod was 42 hours.
- Number of replicates:
- Three sets of replicates, one each for Disperse Brown 27, positive and negative control.
Results and discussion
In vitro
Results
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- % tissue viability
- Value:
- ca. 113
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- it is concluded that this test is valid and that Disperse Brown 27 is non-irritant in the in vitro skin irritation test under the experimental conditions described in this report and should not be classified according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) of the United Nations.
- Executive summary:
Disperse Brown 27 was checked for colour interference in aqueous conditions and possible direct MTT reduction by adding the test item to MTT medium. Because no colour changes were observed it was concluded that Disperse Brown 27 did not interact with the MTT endpoint.
The mean tissue viability obtained after 15 ± 0.5 minutes treatment with Disperse Brown 27 compared to the negative control tissues is as follows. Skin irritation is expressed asvthe remaining cell viability after exposure to the test item. The relative mean tissue viability obtained after 15 ± 0.5 minutes treatment with Disperse Brown 27 compared to the negative control tissues was 113%. Since the mean relative tissue viability for Disperse Brown 27 was above 50% Disperse Brown 27 is considered to be non-irritant. The positive control had a mean cell viability after 15 ± 0.5 minutes exposure of 5.3%. The absolute mean OD570 of the negative control tissues was within the laboratory historical control data range. The standard deviation value of the percentage viability of three tissues treated identically was 11% or less, indicating that the test system functioned properly.
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