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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 204-337-6 | CAS number: 119-61-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Acute toxicity, oral: mouse LD50 = ca. 2895 mg/kg bw; rat LD50: > 10000 mg/kg bw (Caprino et al., 1975; Opdyke, 1979)
Acute toxicity, dermal: rabbit LD50: 3535 mg/kg bw (Opdyke, 1979)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Acute toxicity: via oral route
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Some methodical details are missing
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- not applicable
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The study was performed using 8 animals per group with 5 dose groups. The post-observation period was 7 days.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- Study from 1975 (at this time GLP was not compulsory)
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- Swiss
- Sex:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: No data
- Age at study initiation: No data
- Weight at study initiation: 19-25 g
- Fasting period before study: 16 hours - Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- other: gum arabicum
- Details on oral exposure:
- no further data
- Doses:
- no data
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 8 animals per dose
- Control animals:
- yes
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 7 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: no data
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs - Statistics:
- Probit analysis with confidence limits
- Key result
- Sex:
- not specified
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- ca. 2 895 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- 95% CL:
- >= 2 441 - <= 3 434
- Mortality:
- not further specified
- Clinical signs:
- other: In lethal doses, benzophenone induced sedation, progressive depression of motor activity, unstable gait, tremors and respiratory impairment.
- Gross pathology:
- No gross lesions detected at necropsy
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 5 based on GHS criteria
- Conclusions:
- The acute oral toxicity in mice (LD50) was 2895 mg/kg bw
- Executive summary:
Benzophenone was administered by oral gavage as single application to Swiss mice to determine the acute toxicity. A necropsy was performed 7 days after administartion of the test item. Clinical signs at lethal doses were sedation, progressive depression of motor activity, unstable gait, tremors and respiratory impairment.
The acute oral toxicity in mice was determined by Probit analysis at 2895 mg/kg bw.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Value:
- 2 895 mg/kg bw
Acute toxicity: via inhalation route
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Acute toxicity: via dermal route
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: dermal
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1979
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Remarks:
- Only results given (methodical details missing)
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Method not further specied
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test type:
- other: not further specified
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- not specified
- Sex:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- not further specified
- Type of coverage:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on dermal exposure:
- not further specified
- Duration of exposure:
- not further specified
- Doses:
- not further specified
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- not further specified
- Control animals:
- not specified
- Details on study design:
- not further specified
- Statistics:
- not further specified
- Key result
- Sex:
- not specified
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- 3 535 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- 95% CL:
- >= 2 007 - <= 6 226
- Mortality:
- not further specified
- Clinical signs:
- other: not further specified
- Gross pathology:
- not further specified
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 5 based on GHS criteria
- Conclusions:
- The acute dermal toxicity (LD50) in rabbits was reported to be at 3535 mg/kg bw.
- Executive summary:
In this review the dermal LD50 value for benzophenone in rabbits was given with 3535 mg/kg bw. Thus benzophenone is practically non-toxic in the rabbit after a single dermal dose and is thus not subject of classification.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Value:
- 3 535 mg/kg bw
Additional information
Acute oral toxicity
In an acute oral toxicity study with a study design comparable to OECD Guideline 401, benzophenone was administered to Swiss mice via gavage. The LD50 value was ca. 2895 mg/kg bw. Clinical signs at lethal doses were sedation, progressive depression of motor activity, unstable gait, tremors and respiratory impairment (Caprino et al., 1975). In a study with rats the LD50 value was given with > 10000 mg/kg bw (Opdyke, 1979).
Acute inhalation toxicity
No studies are available with exposure to benzophenone by inhalation.
Acute dermal toxicity
In an older study with limited documentation a LD50 value of 3535 mg/kg bw was given for rabbits (Opdyke, 1979).
Justification for classification or non-classification
Acute oral toxicity
Based on the data provided by Caprino et al. (1975) and Opdyke (1979) with LD50 values of > 2895 mg/kg bw, there is no need for a classification according to the criteria of EC Directive 1272/2008 and of the GHS.
Acute toxicity inhalation
Classification not possible (lack of data)
Acute dermal toxicity
Based on the data provided by Opdyke (1979) with a LD50 value 3535 mg/kg bw, there is no need for a classification according to the criteria of EC Directive 1272/2008 and of the GHS.
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