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EC number: 206-793-1 | CAS number: 375-73-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 22 Jan - 1 Feb 2001
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 001
- Report date:
- 2001
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 850.5400 (Algal Toxicity, Tiers I and II) (January 2012)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Potassium 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulphonate
- EC Number:
- 249-616-3
- EC Name:
- Potassium 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulphonate
- Cas Number:
- 29420-49-3
- Molecular formula:
- C4HF9O3S.K
- IUPAC Name:
- potassium 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulfonate
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: L-7038 Lot 2
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 17 Jan 2002
- Purity: 97.3%
STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: ambient conditions
- Stability under test conditions: stable
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: All concentrations monitored
- Sampling method: Three replicate test chambers were maintained for each treatment and control group. One additional replicate was also maintained for analytical sampling at 72 hours. Test solutions from the same concentration were pooled before sampling at 96 hours. The bulk test solution stocks fwere sampled at the initial time point. A sample was taken from all test concentrations and the control at test initiation, at approximately 72 hours, and at test termination.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: samples stored in plastic vials and analyzed as soon as possible without storage
- Abiotic samples: To verify maintenance of the test substance concentration, two replicates were set up at the highest substance concentration but without algae. Measured test concentrations were determined at test initiation, at approximately 72 hours, and at test termination.
To verify maintenance of test substance concentration, a test vessel was set up at the highest substance concentration but without algae. Samples for analysis were taken at times zero, 24h and 72h.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A 2-L primary stock solution was prepared in algal medium at a concentration of 10000 mg a.i./L. The primary stock solution was inverted at least 20 times to aid in the solubilization of the test substance. After mixing, the primary stock solution was proportionally diluted with algal medium to prepare 500 mL of the five other test concentrations (313, 625, 1250, 2500, 5000 mg a.i./L). All dilutions were inverted to mix.
- Controls: Test medium without test substance or other additives
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc.): none, test solutions were clear and colorless at start of test
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Selenastrum capricornutum
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Internal stock at Wildlife International, Ltd. Inoculum originally obtained from University of Toronto, Canada.
- Age of inoculum: not reported
- Method of cultivation: Algal cells used in this test were obtained from Wildlife International, LtdCultures that had been actively growing in culture medium for at least two weeks prior to test initiation.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: none
- Culturing media and conditions: The algal cells were cultured and tested in freshwater algal medium. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 7.5 ± 0.1 using 10% HCl; the medium was sterilized by filtration (0.22 µm) prior to use.
MgCl2·6H2O, 12.16 mg/L
CaCl2·2H2O, 4.41 mg/L
H3BO3, 0.1855 mg/L
MnCl2·4H2O, 0.4154 mg/L
ZnCl2, 3.27 mg/L
FeCl3·6H2O, 0.1598 mg/L
CoCl2·6H2O, 1.428 mg/L
Na2MoO4·2H2O, 7.26 mg/L
CuCl2·2H2O, 0.012 mg/L
Na2EDTA·2H2O, 0.300 mg/L
NaNO3, 25.50 mg/L
MgSO4·7H2O, 14.70 mg/L
K2HPO4, 1.044 mg/L
NaHCO3, 15.0 mg/L
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- The 9478 mg a.i./L treatment group was maximally inhibited at the end of the 96-hour exposure period. Aliquots of the test solution were diluted with algal medium and cultured for six days. Based on the growth observed in the recovery phase, the effect on algal growth was found to be algistatic.
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 23.8 - 24.7 °C
- pH:
- 0 hours: 6.9 - 7.1
96 hours: 7.5 - 8.7 - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 0 (negative control), 313, 625, 1250, 2500, 5000, and 10000 mg/L
Measured: < LOQ, 285, 563, 1077, 2216, 4561, and 9478 mg/L (see Table 1) - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL polycarbonate Erlenmeyer flasks plugged with foam stoppers and 100 mL of test or control algal medium
- Type: closed
- Agitation: Yes, the test chambers were shaken continuously at 100 rpm
- Initial cells density: 1.0E+04 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 3.56E+06 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes (ASTM Standard Guide 1218-90E)
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: purified well water (reverse osmosis)
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: Continuous cool-white fluorescent lighting (4300 ± 430 lux) measured using SPER Scientific Model 840006 light meter
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
- Determination of cell concentrations: cell counts were conducted using a hemacytometer and microscope at 24 hour intervals
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2 - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 5 661 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI: 5230-6067 mg a.i./L
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 734 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI: 0-2207 mg a.i./L
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 5 733 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI: 5659-5817 mg a.i./L
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 1 674 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CI: 1482-1839 mg a.i./L
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control: yes
- Observation of abnormalities: After 96 hours of exposure, there were no signs of aggregation, flocculation, or adherence of the algae to the test flasks in the control or treatment groups. However, algal cells in the 2216, 4561, and 6478 mg a.i./L treatment groups appeared enlarged when compared to the negative control.
- Other: The 9478 mg a.i./L treatment group was maximally inhibited at the end of the 96-hour exposure period. Aliquots of the test solution were diluted with algal medium and cultured for six days. Based on the growth observed in the recovery phase, the effect on algal growth was found to be algistatic. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- After 72 hours of exposure, Dunnett’s test showed that growth rate was significantly reduced in all treatment groups (p = 0.05). After 96 hours of exposure, Dunnett’s test showed that growth rate was significantly reduced in the 2216, 4561, and 9478 mg a.i./L treatment groups (p = 0.05).
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 2. Cell Densities over 96-Hour Exposure Period
|
Cell Densities (cells/mL) |
||||
Mean Measured Concentration (mg a.i./L) |
Replicate |
24 hours |
48 hours |
72 hours |
96 hours |
Negative Control |
A |
21000 |
168000 |
1200000 |
3735000 |
|
B |
25000 |
184000 |
1045000 |
3420000 |
|
C |
47000 |
185000 |
800000 |
3525000 |
285 |
A |
29000 |
157000 |
625000 |
4005000 |
|
B |
26000 |
152000 |
730000 |
3930000 |
|
C |
36000 |
178000 |
710000 |
3825000 |
563 |
A |
25000 |
136000 |
645000 |
3120000 |
|
B |
30000 |
126000 |
625000 |
3195000 |
|
C |
26000 |
154000 |
750000 |
3480000 |
1077 |
A |
24000 |
133000 |
720000 |
3750000 |
|
B |
17000 |
106000 |
465000 |
3180000 |
|
C |
21000 |
118000 |
530000 |
3150000 |
2216 |
A |
19000 |
88000 |
430000 |
2025000 |
|
B |
14000 |
97000 |
330000 |
1845000 |
|
C |
19000 |
101000 |
395000 |
1920000 |
4561 |
A |
12000 |
51000 |
171000 |
850000 |
|
B |
17000 |
80000 |
188000 |
870000 |
|
C |
17000 |
56000 |
167000 |
860000 |
9478 |
A |
17000 |
13000 |
16000 |
19000 |
|
B |
4000 |
15000 |
16000 |
15000 |
|
C |
15000 |
20000 |
12000 |
12000 |
Table 3. Mean Growth Rates and Percent Inhibition at 24-hour Time Intervals
|
Growth Rate |
||||||
Mean Measured Concentration (mg a.i./L) |
Replicate |
0-24 hours |
24-48 hours |
48-72 hours |
72-96 hours |
0-72 hours |
0-96 hours |
Negative Control |
A |
0.0309 |
0.0866 |
0.0819 |
0.0473 |
0.0665 |
0.0617 |
|
B |
0.0382 |
0.0832 |
0.0724 |
0.0494 |
0.0646 |
0.0608 |
|
C |
0.0645 |
0.0571 |
0.0610 |
0.0618 |
0.0609 |
0.0611 |
285 |
A |
0.0444 |
0.0704 |
0.0576 |
0.0774 |
0.0574 |
0.0624 |
|
B |
0.0398 |
0.0736 |
0.0654 |
0.0701 |
0.0596 |
0.0622 |
|
C |
0.0534 |
0.0666 |
0.0576 |
0.0702 |
0.0592 |
0.0619 |
563 |
A |
0.0382 |
0.0706 |
0.0649 |
0.0657 |
0.0579 |
0.0598 |
|
B |
0.0458 |
0.0598 |
0.0667 |
0.0680 |
0.0574 |
0.0601 |
|
C |
0.0398 |
0.0741 |
0.0660 |
0.0639 |
0.0600 |
0.0610 |
1077 |
A |
0.0365 |
0.0713 |
0.0704 |
0.0688 |
0.0594 |
0.0617 |
|
B |
0.0221 |
0.0763 |
0.0616 |
0.0801 |
0.0533 |
0.0600 |
|
C |
0.0309 |
0.0719 |
0.0626 |
0.0743 |
0.0551 |
0.0599 |
2216 |
A |
0.0267 |
0.0639 |
0.0661 |
0.0646 |
0.0522 |
0.0553 |
|
B |
0.0140 |
0.0807 |
0.0510 |
0.0717 |
0.0486 |
0.0544 |
|
C |
0.0267 |
0.0696 |
0.0568 |
0.0659 |
0.0511 |
0.0548 |
4561 |
A |
0.0076 |
0.0603 |
0.0504 |
0.0668 |
0.0394 |
0.0463 |
|
B |
0.0221 |
0.0645 |
0.0356 |
0.0638 |
0.0407 |
0.0465 |
|
C |
0.0221 |
0.0497 |
0.0455 |
0.0683 |
0.0391 |
0.0464 |
9478 |
A |
0.0221 |
-0.0112 |
0.0087 |
0.0072 |
0.0065 |
0.0067 |
|
B |
0.000 |
0.0551 |
0.0027 |
-0.0027 |
0.0065 |
0.0042 |
|
C |
0.0169 |
0.0120 |
-0.0213 |
0.0000 |
0.0025 |
0.0019 |
The mean CV for section specific growth rates in the control was 29%, and the CV of average specific growth rates during the whole test period in control was 4.4%
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Control cell density increased by an average factor of >16 within 2 days, the mean CV for section specific growth rates in the control was < 35% (29%), and the CV of average specific growth rates during the whole test period in control was < 7% (4.4%).
- Conclusions:
- The 72-hour EC50 (growth rate) of PFBSK+ to Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was 5661 mg a.i./L. The corresponding 72-hour EC10 (growth rate) was 734 mg a.i./L. Test conducted per OECD 201.
- Executive summary:
The toxicity of PFBSK+ to the green algae, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, was assessed according to the OECD 201 method. An exponential growth was observed during the entire period of exposure in the control vessel and the validity criteria were met.
The 72-hour ErC50 of PFBSK+ to Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata for growth rate was 5661 mg a.i./L (5230-6067 mg a.i./L). The corresponding 72-hour ErC10 was 734 mg/L (95% CI: 0-2207 mg/L). Based on the growth observed in the recovery phase, the effect on algal growth was found to be algistatic.
The study was performed in accordance with internationally-accepted test guidelines under GLP. The study is deemed reliable without restriction and suitable for use in Risk Assessment, Classification & Labeling, and PBT Analysis.
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