Pyridine-2-carbonitrile

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

Administrative data

Endpoint:

in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1978

Report date:

1978

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

According to Ames, BN; McCann, J and Yamasake, E, Mutation Res., 31, 347-364 (1975).

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

predates GLP

Type of assay:

bacterial reverse mutation assay

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Pyridine-2-carbonitrile

EC Number:

202-880-3

EC Name:

Pyridine-2-carbonitrile

Cas Number:

100-70-9

Molecular formula:

C6H4N2

IUPAC Name:

pyridine-2-carbonitrile

Test material form:

solid

Method

Species / strain

Species / strain 1

Species / strain / cell type:

S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100

Species / strain 2

Species / strain / cell type:

S. typhimurium TA 1538

Species / strain 3

Species / strain / cell type:

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):

D4

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Metabolic activation system:

S9 rat liver

Test concentrations with justification for top dose:

0 (solvent control), 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, 10, 20, 25, 50 uL per plate Substance was tested over a series of concentrations such that there was either quantitative or qualitative evidence of some chemically-induced physiological effects at the high dose level. the low dose in all cases was below a concentration that demonstrated any toxic effect. The dose range employed for the evaluation of this substance was from 0.1 uL to 20 uL per plate. Since the substance did not exhibit toxicity at these doses, the tests with the Salmonella strains were repeated using two higher doses of 24 uL and 50 uL per plate. The substance was toxic to all the Salmonella strains at 50 uL per plate dose level.

Vehicle / solvent:

DMSO

Controls

Negative solvent / vehicle controls:

yes

Positive controls:

yes

Positive control substance:

9-aminoacridine

2-nitrofluorene

other: N-Methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine; 2-anthramine

Details on test system and experimental conditions:

Per Ames protocol - no deviations noted.

Rationale for test conditions:

Test compound was examined for mutagnic activity in a series of in vitro microbial assays employing Salmonella and Saccharomyces indicator organisms. The substance was tested directly and in the presence of liver microsomal enzyme preparations from Aroclor-induced rats.

Evaluation criteria:

Strains TA-1535; TA-1537 and TA-1538 - if the solvent control value is within the normal range, a chemical that produces a positive dose rsponse over three concentrations with the lowest increase equal to twice the solvent control value is considered to be mutagenic.
Strains TA-98, TA-100 and D4: If the solvent control value is within the normal range, a chemical that produces a positive dose response over three concentrations with the highest increase equal to twice the solvent control vlaue for TA-100 and 2-3 times the solven control value for strains TA-98 and D4 is considered to be mutagenic. For these strains, the dose-response increase should start at approximately the solvent control value.

Statistics:

not stated

Results and discussion

Test results

Test results 1

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 1535

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

not applicable

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 2

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 1537

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

not applicable

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 3

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 1538

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

not applicable

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 4

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 98

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

not applicable

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 5

Key result

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 100

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

not applicable

Positive controls validity:

valid

Test results 6

Key result

Species / strain:

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

not applicable

Positive controls validity:

valid

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

2-Cyanopyridine did not demonstrate mutagenic activity in any of the strains tested and was considered not mutagenic under these test conditions.

Executive summary:

2-Cyanopyridine did not demonstrate mutagenic activity in any of the strains tested and was considered not mutagenic under these test conditions.