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EC number: 612-381-6 | CAS number: 61789-91-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity: dermal, other
- Type of information:
- read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Justification for type of information:
- 1. CATEGORY HYPOTHESIS
The hypothesis is that substances derived from the desert shrub Simmondsia chinensis seed present the same pattern of toxicological effects.
2. CATEGORY JUSTIFICATION
The category is justified based on chemical similarities between Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed derived substances and similar patterns of toxicological profil as summarized by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel:
Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil was reported to readily penetrate nude mouse skin and to increase penetration of other agents such as aminophylline in clinical tests. Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil was not an acute oral toxicant to mice or rats (LD50 generally greater than 5.0 g/kg). Short-term subcutaneous administration of Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Wax to rats at 1 ml/kg was not toxic. Neither the wax nor the oil were toxic when applied dermally to the shaved backs of guinea pigs in short-term tests. A dermal irritation test found aqueous Hydrolyzed Jojoba Esters (20%) to be non-irritating to guinea pigs. Jojoba Alcohol was found to be nonirritating to the skin of albino marmots at 10.0%. Simmondisa Chinensis (Jojoba) Butter was classified as a non-irritant when applied to the intact and abraded skin of New Zealand white rabbits at 0.5 ml for 24 h under an occluded patch. Jojoba Alcohol at concentrations up to 50% was minimally irritating in rabbits. Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil was non- to slightly irritating when instilled into the eyes of white rabbits, but Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Wax, Jojoba Esters, and Jojoba Alcohol were not. Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Wax was moderately comedogenic in tests using rabbits, but Jojoba Esters was noncomedogenic, and Jojoba Esters were non- to slightly- comedogenic. Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Butter, Jojoba Alcohol, and Jojoba Esters were non-mutagenic in Ames testing.
3. APPLICABILITY DOMAIN OF THE CATEGORY
The category is applicable to toxicological assessment, as based on the conclusions of the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel that the substances included in the category were considered of safe use as cosmetics ingredients.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- Safety Assessment of Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil, Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Wax, Hydrogenated Jojoba Oil, Hydrolyzed Jojoba Esters, Isomerized Jojoba Oil, Jojoba Esters...
- Author:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel
- Year:
- 2 008
- Bibliographic source:
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The subchronic dermal toxicity of refined Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Wax was evaluated using 32 DH guinea pigs (320 ± 25 g). The animals were divided into 4 groups (4 males, 4 females/group). In the first 2 groups, Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Wax was applied to shaved dorsal skin in doses of 0.25 and 0.5 g/kg, respectively. Applications were made 6 days per week for a total of 20 weeks. The application sites were not covered. The 2 control groups received applications of olive oil (0.5 g/kg) and saline, respectively, according to the same procedure.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- no defined IUPAC name
- EC Number:
- 612-381-6
- Cas Number:
- 61789-91-1
- Molecular formula:
- no molecular structure defined
- IUPAC Name:
- no defined IUPAC name
- Test material form:
- liquid: viscous
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Sex:
- male/female
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- open
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- not specified
- Frequency of treatment:
- 6 days per week for a total of 20 weeks
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
- Dose / conc.:
- 250 mg/kg bw/day
- Dose / conc.:
- 500 mg/kg bw/day
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 4 males, 4 females/group
Examinations
- Sacrifice and pathology:
- At the end of the treatment period, the animals were killed and gross and microscopic examinations were performed.
Results and discussion
Results of examinations
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There were no differences in body weights or organ weights (liver, heart, kidneys, and testes) between the 4 groups of guinea pigs.
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There were no differences in body weights or organ weights (liver, heart, kidneys, and testes) between the 4 groups of guinea pigs.
- Gross pathological findings:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Furthermore, lesions were not observed in tissues from the following organs (all groups): adrenal gland, thyroid gland, kidney, urinary bladder, spleen, liver, pancreas, heart, brain (2 sections), stomach, small and large intestine, and skin from treated and untreated areas.
Effect levels
- Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- >= 500 mg/kg bw/day
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect level:
- body weight and weight gain
- gross pathology
- mortality
- organ weights and organ / body weight ratios
Target system / organ toxicity
open allclose all
- Key result
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- System:
- endocrine system
- Organ:
- adrenal glands
- thyroid gland
- Key result
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- System:
- hepatobiliary
- Organ:
- bladder
- kidney
- liver
- pancreas
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- System:
- cardiovascular
- Organ:
- heart
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- System:
- central nervous system
- Organ:
- brain
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- System:
- gastrointestinal tract
- Organ:
- intestine
- stomach
- Key result
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- System:
- integumentary
- Organ:
- skin
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Wax was not toxic when applied to the shaved backs of guinea pigs 6 d/week for 20 weeks up to 0.5 g/kg.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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