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EC number: 204-557-2 | CAS number: 122-60-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Not reported
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- Although this study was not conducted in accordance with current international guidelines or GLP, in accordance with REACH Annex XI, Section 1.1.2, the study was conducted under sound scientific principles of the bacterial reverse mutation test and adequate documentation of the study is provided. The study is therefore considered adequate for fulfilling this endpoint and for risk assessment purposes.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- No information
- Author:
- Elliott J. Greene
- Year:
- 1 979
- Bibliographic source:
- Greene, E.J., Friedman, M.A., Sherrod, J.A., Salerno, A.J. (1979) In-vitro mutagenicity and cell transformation screening of phenylglycidyl ether. Mutation Research, 67:9-19.
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The plate test described by Ames et al. was used:
Ames, B.N., McCann, J. and Yamasaki, E. (1975) Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the salmonella/mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test. Mutation Research, 31:347-364. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2,3-epoxypropyl phenyl ether
- EC Number:
- 204-557-2
- EC Name:
- 2,3-epoxypropyl phenyl ether
- Cas Number:
- 122-60-1
- Molecular formula:
- C9H10O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-(phenoxymethyl)oxirane
- Details on test material:
- Phenylglycidyl ether (>99 % purity) was obtained from Shell Chemical Co. (Houston, TX).
Constituent 1
Method
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1538
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Rat S9
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- Bacterial Media: Nutrient agar was prepared from powdered nutrient broth (BBL, Cockeysville, MD) supplemented with 1.5 % agar (DIFCO, Detroit, MI). Minimal agar and top agar were prepared using DIFCO agar. Autoclaved nutrient and minimal agar were dispensed into sterile 100 x 15 mm petri dishes (Fisher Scientific, Pittsburgh, PA), 20 ml per plate. Top agar was stored in 2 ml volumes in 13 x 100 mm sterile, screw cap plastic tubes (Falcon, Oxnard, CA).
Rat S9 was prepared from CDF-344 rats which were obtained from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA), housed 4-6 cage, and given Purina Rat Chow and water ad libitum. Rats were injected with 75 mg/kg Aroclor 1254 5 days prior to use. Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 and TA1538 were obtained from Dr Bruce Ames (University of California, Berkeley). Preparation of stock cultures and other manipulations were carried out according to Ames et al. (1975).
The plate test described by Ames et al. (1975) was used. The appropriate bacterial strain was grown overnight at 37 degrees celsius in nutrient broth (BBL). The cultures were then centrifuged, washed 2-3 times in sterile, physiological saline, and resuspended to the original volume in saline. 0.1 ml of this suspension was mixed with 2-2.5 ml top agar and 0.5 ml rat S9 mix, prepared according to Ames et al. (1975). For the spot test, this mixture was then poured onto a minimal agar plate. Otherwise, the chemical was also added in 25 μL volume, and the mixture was poured directly onto the agar overlay. After the overlay had hardened, the plates were incubated at 37 degrees celsius for 2 days. Toxicity was determined by repeating the above procedure, but using 10^-5, 10^-6 and 10^-7 dilutions of bacteria, pouring onto the nutrient agar plates, which were incubated at 37 degrees celsius for 24 hours.
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- positive
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- positive
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1538
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- The bacterial mutagencitiy of PGE was tested first in the spot test. The results (not presented) demonstrated the classic pattern of a zone of inhibition, then high numbers of revertants tailing off to background with increasing radius, in S. typhimurium strains TA1535 and TA100 with and without metabolic activation. These tests were repeated using the plate-incorporation technique. The results (Table 1) reaffirmed the spot test data. Phenylglycidyl ether was mutagenic in a dose-dependent fashion in strains TA1535 and TA100. Activating medium was not required for mutagenic activity.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1. Bacterial mutagenicity of PGE
Chemical |
Amount per plate (μg) |
S9b |
Revertants per platea |
||||
TA98 |
TA100 |
TA1535 |
TA1537 |
TA1538 |
|||
Negative control |
- |
- |
12 |
62 |
10 |
8 |
6 |
Negative control |
- |
+ |
20 |
68 |
6 |
8 |
10 |
Positive controlc |
- |
- |
784 |
259 |
29 |
203 |
721 |
Positive controld |
- |
+ |
204 |
1380 |
216 |
52 |
216 |
PGE |
0.5 |
- |
16 |
51 |
13 |
4 |
11 |
50 |
- |
10 |
72 |
28 |
7 |
8 |
|
50 |
- |
9 |
204 |
146 |
7 |
10 |
|
500 |
- |
10 |
1158 |
590 |
15 |
12 |
|
0.5 |
+ |
20 |
69 |
9 |
6 |
21 |
|
5 |
+ |
12 |
73 |
8 |
5 |
14 |
|
50 |
+ |
18 |
136 |
26 |
9 |
14 |
|
500 |
+ |
19 |
1114 |
487 |
14 |
23 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):
positive with and without metabolic activation
Concentration dependent mutagenicity was demonstrated in S. typhimurium strains TA1535 and TA100 with and without metabolic activation, but not in strains TA98, TA1537 or TA1538.
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