4-isopropyl-m-cresol

Long-term toxicity to fish

Administrative data

Endpoint:

fish short-term toxicity test on embryo and sac-fry stages

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

No data

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: see 'Remark'

Remarks:

Study conducted according to OECD Guideline 212 with deviations: details of feeding, water quality characteristics, light and temperature, test concentrations, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, individual/summary results not reported however, it is stated that the studes were performed in conformtiy with the Guideline thus the quality criteria should have been met in this study. GLP status not reported and study performed after 2008 so not officially eligible as a valid test under REACH Regulation

Cross-reference

Cross-reference 1

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Cross-reference 2

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Ecotoxicity and screening level ecotoxicological risk assessment of five antimicrobial agents: triclosan, triclocarban, resorcinol, phenoxyethanol and p-thymol.

Author:

Tamura I, Kagota K, Yasuda Y, Yoneda S, Morita J, Nakada N, Kameda Y, Kimura K, Tatarazako N and Yamamoto H.

Year:

2013

Bibliographic source:

J Appl Toxicol. 33 (11):1222-1229.

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 212 (Fish, Short-term Toxicity Test on Embryo and Sac-Fry Stages)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

details of feeding, water quality characteristics, light and temperature, test concentrations, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, individual/summary results not reported

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Not applicable

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

4-isopropyl-m-cresol

EC Number:

221-761-7

EC Name:

4-isopropyl-m-cresol

Cas Number:

3228-02-2

Molecular formula:

C10H14O

IUPAC Name:

4-isopropyl-m-cresol

Test material form:

not specified

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): p-thymol
- Source: Wako Pure Chemical Co. (Osaka, Japan)
- Analytical purity: 99%

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
- Water solubility: 860 mg/L
- log Kow:: 3.52
- pKa: 10.36 ± 0.18

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test solutions

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Zebra fish

Study design

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

not specified

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

9 d

Post exposure observation period:

None

Test conditions

Hardness:

No data

Test temperature:

No data

pH:

pH was monitored at the replacement of the solutions.

Dissolved oxygen:

Dissolved oxygen was monitored at the replacement of the solutions.

Salinity:

No data

Nominal and measured concentrations:

No data

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 50 mL beaker
- Renewal rate of test solution: The solutions were replaced every 48 h
- No. of fertilized eggs/embryos per vessel: 15 embryos per vessel
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
The percentage hatching and the survival rate of the larvae were evaluated until the egg yolk had disappeared.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Duration:

9 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

1.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (geom. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: hatching and the survival of larvae

Reported statistics and error estimates:

The NOEC for hatching and the survival of larvae was determined using the probit or logit conversion with Ecotox-Statics version 2.6d (Yoshioka, 2001) distributed by the Japan Society for Environmental Toxicology.
Again, the geometrical mean of the measured concentration of the test item was used to determine NOEC.

Any other information on results incl. tables

None

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

Under the test conditions, NOEC for hatching and the survival of larvae was 1.5 mg/L based on the geometric means of the exposure concentrations.

Executive summary:

In a short-term toxicity test on embryo and sac-fry stages performed according to OECD guideline 212, the juvenile larvae of Zebra fish (Danio rerio) were exposed to test item for 9 days.

At least three replicates of 15 embryos were placed in 50 ml beaker for five concentrations. The solutions were replaced every 48 h (i.e. a semi-static system) and the concentration of the test item was monitored using the HPLC. The percentage hatching and the survival rate of the larvae were evaluated until the egg yolk had disappeared. The NOEC for hatching and the survival of larvae was determined using the probit or logit conversion with Ecotox-Statics version 2.6d (Yoshioka, 2001) distributed by the Japan Society for Environmental Toxicology.

Under the test conditions, NOEC for hatching and the survival of larvae was 1.5 mg/L based on the geometric means of the exposure concentrations.