Benzamide, 3-amino-N-[4-(aminocarbonyl)phenyl]-4-methoxy-, hydrochloride (1:?)

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

Administrative data

Endpoint:

in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria

Remarks:

Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2007

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: well performed OECD study with GLP

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2007

Report date:

2007

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Type of assay:

bacterial reverse mutation assay

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

3-amino-N-(4-carbamoylphenyl)-4-methoxybenzamide hydrochloride

EC Number:

618-990-3

Cas Number:

939961-06-5

Molecular formula:

C15H15N3O3xClH

IUPAC Name:

3-amino-N-(4-carbamoylphenyl)-4-methoxybenzamide hydrochloride

Details on test material:

purity: 56.2 % water wet presscake

Method

Species / strain

Species / strain / cell type:

S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and E. coli WP2

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Metabolic activation system:

rat S9 mix

Test concentrations with justification for top dose:

Pre-Experiment/Experiment I, Ia, and Ib:
3; 10; 33; 100; 333; 1000; 2500; and 5000 µg/plate

Experiment II and IIa:
33; 100; 333; 1000; 2500; and 5000 µg/plate

Vehicle / solvent:

vehicle: DMSO
The solvent was chosen because of its solubility properties and its relative non-toxicity to the bacteria

Controls

Untreated negative controls:

yes

Negative solvent / vehicle controls:

yes

True negative controls:

no

Positive controls:

yes

Positive control substance:

sodium azide

methylmethanesulfonate

other: 4-nitro-o-phenylene-diamine, 2-aminoanthracene,

Details on test system and experimental conditions:

METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation) and preincubation

DURATION
- Preincubation period: 1 hour
- Exposure duration: at least 72 hours

NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 3

DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
A reduction in the number of spontaneous revertants (below the induction factor 0.5) or a clearing of the bacterial background lawn.

Evaluation criteria:

A test item is considered as a mutagen if a biologically relevant increase in the number of revertants exceeding the threshold of twice (strains TA 98, TA 100, and WP2 uvrA) or thrice (strains TA 1535 and TA 1537) the colony count of the corresponding solvent control is observed.
A dose dependent increase is considered biologically relevant if the threshold is exceeded at more than one concentration.
An increase exceeding the threshold at only one concentration is judged as biologically relevant if reproduced in an independent second experiment.
A dose dependent increase in the number of revertant colonies below the threshold is regarded as an indication of a mutagenic potential if reproduced in an
independent second experiment. However, whenever the colony counts remain within the historical range of negative and solvent controls such an increase is not considered biologically relevant.

The Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli reverse mutation assay is considered
acceptable if it meets the following criteria:
- regular background growth in the negative and solvent control
- the spontaneous reversion rates in the negative and solvent control are in the range of our historical data
- the positive control substances should produce a significant increase in mutant colony frequencies

Statistics:

According to the OECD guideline 471, a statistical analysis of the data is not mandatory

Results and discussion

Test results

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and E. coli WP2

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

no cytotoxicity

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Remarks on result:

other: all strains/cell types tested

Remarks:

Migrated from field 'Test system'.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative with and without metabolic activation

In conclusion, it can be stated that during the described mutagenicity test and under the experimental conditions reported, the test item did not induce gene mutations by base pair changes or frameshifts in the genome of the strains used.
Therefore, P-Aminoanisoylaminobenzamid Hydrochlorid [AAABA HCl] is considered to be non-mutagenic in this Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli reverse mutation assay.

Executive summary:

The substance was tested according to OECD guideline 471 to investigate its potential to induce gene mutations in the plate incorporation test (experiment I) and the pre-incubation test (experiment II) using the Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, and TA 100, and the Escherichia coli strain WP2 uvrA.

The assay was performed in two independent experiments both with and without liver microsomal activation (rat S9 mx). The plate incorporation test with strain TA 98 with metabolic activation was repeated twice, since questionable results were obtained (reported as experiment Ia and Ib). Also in the pre-incubation test strain TA98, was repeated with metabolic activation, since questionable results were obtained (reported as experiment IIa). Each concentration, including the controls, was tested in triplicate. The test item was tested at the following concentrations:

Pre-Experiment/Experiment I, Ia, and Ib: 3; 10; 33; 100; 333; 1000; 2500; and 5000 µg/plate

Experiment II and IIa: 33; 100; 333; 1000; 2500; and 5000 µg/plate

The plates incubated with the test item showed normal background growth up to 5000 µg/plate with and without metabolic activation in both independent experiments.

No toxic effects, evident as a reduction in the number of revertants (below the indication factor of 0.5), occurred in all experiments with and without metabolic activation.

No substantial increase in revertant colony numbers of any of the five tester strains was observed following treatment with the test item at any dose level, neither in the presence nor absence of metabolic activation (rat S9 mix).

Appropriate reference mutagens were used as positive controls and showed a distinct increase of induced revertant colonies.