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EC number: 700-132-5 | CAS number: 863782-35-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 9 February - 26 March 2009
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The study has been performed according to OECD and EC guidelines and according to GLP principles.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 009
- Report date:
- 2009
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 8692 (Water Quality - Fresh Water Algal Growth Inhibition Test with Scenedesmus subspicatus and Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 3-(C6-16, (even numbered) and C16 unsaturated alkyl)-4-(C7-17 (odd numbered) and C17 unsaturated alkylidene)-oxetan-2-one
- EC Number:
- 700-132-5
- Cas Number:
- 863782-35-8
- Molecular formula:
- See remarks.
- IUPAC Name:
- 3-(C6-16, (even numbered) and C16 unsaturated alkyl)-4-(C7-17 (odd numbered) and C17 unsaturated alkylidene)-oxetan-2-one
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Aquapel® 203
- Substance type: yellow fatty liquid
- Physical state: liquid
- Analytical purity: 88.7%
- Lot/batch No.: G11AN059
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 21 January 2010
- Stability under storage conditions: stable
- Storage condition of test material: at room temperature in the dark
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: A WAF prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l
- Sampling method: Duplicate samples for possible analysis were taken from both test groups according to the following schedule:
Frequency: at t=0 h, t=24 h and t=72 h
Volume: 2 ml
- Sample storage conditions before analysis:Not applicable, samples were analysed on the day of sampling.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Preparation of test solutions started with a loading rate of 100 mg/l applying 1 day of magnetic stirring to reach maximum solubility of the test substance in the test medium. The resulting aqueous mixture was left to stabilize for 1 day after which the slightly hazy Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF) was taken out. Part of the WAF was used for pre-incubation of the test vessels (1½ hour). The remaining part of the WAF was used for testing.
After preparation, volumes of 50 ml were added to each replicate of the respective test concentration. Subsequently, 1 ml of an algal suspension was added to each replicate providing a cell density of 10^4 cells/ml.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
- Strain: NIVA CHL 1
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): In-house laboratory culture
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): 3 days before the start of the test, cells from the algal stock culture were inoculated in culture medium (M2) at a cell density of 1 x 10^4 cells/ml. The pre-culture was maintained under the same conditions as used in the test. The cell density was measured immediately before use.
- Method of cultivation: Algae stock cultures were started by inoculating growth medium (M1) with algal cells from a pure culture on agar. The suspensions were continuously aerated and exposed to light in a climate room at a temperature of 21-24°C.
ACCLIMATION
Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): Same as test
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- None.
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 24 mg CaCO3/l
- Test temperature:
- 22.1 and 23.1°C
- pH:
- 7.6 - 8.5
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Not measured.
- Salinity:
- Not applicable.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- At the start of the test, the mean actual test concentration in the WAF prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l was 9.3 mg/l. This concentration decreased to 4.9 mg/l after 24 hours of exposure and further to 1.4 mg/l at the end of the test. Based on these results, the Time Weighed Average exposure concentration (TWA) was calculated to be 4.0 mg/l.
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 100 ml, all-glass, containing 50 ml of test solution
- Aeration: During incubation the algal cells were kept in suspension by continuous shaking.
- Initial cells density: 1 x 10^4 cells/ml.
- Control end cells density: 140 x 10^4 cells/ml.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 1 x 10^4 cells/ml.
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 6
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
M2; according to the OECD 201 Guideline, formulated using Milli-Q water (tap water purified by reverse osmosis (milli-RO) and subsequently passed over activated carbon and ion-exchange cartridges: Milli-Q water; Millipore Corp., Bedford, Mass., USA) preventing precipitation and with the following composition:
NH4Cl 15 mg/l
MgCl2.6H2O 12 mg/l
CaCl2.2H2O 18 mg/l
MgSO4.7H2O 15 mg/l
KH2PO4 1.6 mg/l
FeCl3.6H2O 64 µg/l
Na2EDTA.2H2O 100 µg/l
H3BO3 185 µg/l
MnCl2.4H2O 415 µg/l
ZnCl2 3 µg/l
CoCl2.6H2O 1.5 µg/l
CuCl2.2H2O 0.01 µg/l
Na2MoO4.2H2O 7 µg/l
NaHCO3 50 mg/l
Hardness (Ca+Mg) 0.24 mmol/l (24 mg CaCO3/l)
pH 8.1 ± 0.2
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: no
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 24h
- Light intensity and quality: TLD-lamps of the type ‘Cool-white’ of 30 Watt, with a light intensity within the range of 77 to 82 µE.m-2.s-1
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: The test solutions were so turbid that they disturbed spectrophotometric measurement. Therefore algal density was determined by use of a microscope and a counting chamber throughout the test.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- < 4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield inhibition
- Details on results:
- No significant differences were recorded between the values for growth rate reduction at any of the test concentrations when compared to the control group.
A TWA concentration of 4.0 mg Aquapel® 203 per litre induced a statistically significant inhibition of yield of 13% (2 Sample t-Test, α = 0.05).
Microscopic observations at the end of the test revealed a normal and healthy appearance of the exposed cells when compared to the control.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
- EC50: Under the conditions of the reference study with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, potassium dichromate reduced growth rate of this fresh water algae species at 0.56 mg/l and higher.
The EC50 for growth rate reduction (ERC50: 0-72h) was 1.6 mg/l with a 95 % confidence interval ranging from 1.2 to 2.1 mg/l. The historical ranges for growth rate reduction lie between 0.82 and 2.3 mg/l. Hence, the ERC50: 0-72h for the present batch corresponds with this range. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- A TWA concentration of 4.0 mg Aquapel® 203 per litre induced a statistically significant inhibition of yield of 13% (2 Sample t-Test, α = 0.05).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Due to the very low solubility of Aquapel® 203 in test medium, concentration levels that might induce 50% or more effect on algal growth could not be reached.
The EC50 for both growth rate reduction (ERC50: 0-72h) and yield inhibition (EYC50: 0-72h) was above 4.0 mg/l, which was above the given water solubility (< 1 mg/l).
The NOEC for growth rate reduction was 4.0 mg/l and the NOEC for yield inhibition was < 4.0 mg/l.
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