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Diss Factsheets

Ecotoxicological information

Sediment toxicity

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Endpoint:
sediment toxicity: long-term
Type of information:
read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Justification for type of information:
The justification document on the read across category approach is included in IUCLID section 13.
Duration:
28 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
>= 105 mg/kg sediment dw
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival and biomass
Duration:
28 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
81 mg/kg sediment dw
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: survival and biomass
Conclusions:
This study determined the toxicity to sediment dwelling organisms. Samples of natural sediment were spiked with test substance at concentrations of 50, 75, 100, 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg/dry weight. 10 test organisms of species Lumbriculus variegatus were then added. Exposure lasted 28 days, at which time the organisms were observed for survival and biomass. The test substance half-life in aerobic sediment was approximately 20 days. The EC50 was >= 105 mg/kg sediment dw.
Endpoint:
sediment toxicity: short-term
Type of information:
read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Justification for type of information:
The justification document on the read across category approach is included in IUCLID section 13.
Key result
Duration:
3 d
Dose descriptor:
EC10
Effect conc.:
275 mg/kg sediment dw
Nominal / measured:
meas. (not specified)
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Key result
Duration:
3 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
200 mg/kg sediment dw
Nominal / measured:
meas. (not specified)
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
fertility
Conclusions:
This study determined the toxicity to sediment dwelling organisms. Samples of natural sediment were spiked with concentrations of 10, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 750 and 1000 mg/kg dw mg/kg dw and controls. 10 test organisms of species Caenorhabditis elegans were then added. Exposure lasted 3 days, at which time the organisms were observed for survival and reproduction. The EC10 was 275 mg/kg sediment dw based on growth rate. The 3-day EC10 for the test substance was 275 mg/kg sediment dw based on growth rate.
Endpoint:
sediment toxicity: long-term
Type of information:
read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Justification for type of information:
The justification document on the read across category approach is included in IUCLID section 13.
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Not applicable
GLP compliance:
not specified
Limit test:
no
Ammonia:
Not reported
Key result
Duration:
24 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
2.4 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (not specified)
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
emergence rate
Remarks on result:
other: test a (no sediment present)
Duration:
24 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
4.5 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (not specified)
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
emergence rate
Remarks on result:
other: test a (w/sediment). Estimated from graph.
Duration:
24 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
3 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
emergence rate
Remarks on result:
other: test b (no sediment present)
Duration:
24 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
3 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
emergence rate
Remarks on result:
other: test b (w/sediment: sand-silt)
Duration:
24 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
6 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
emergence rate
Remarks on result:
other: test b (w/sediment: sand)
Duration:
24 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
6 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
emergence rate
Remarks on result:
other: test b (w/sediment: silt)
Duration:
24 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
319 mg/kg sediment dw
Nominal / measured:
meas. (not specified)
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
emergence rate
Remarks on result:
other: sediment spiked with LAS
Conclusions:
The effect of LABS Na on sediment organisms was evaluated in acute and chronic tests. In an egg hatchability semi-static assay (acute test), C ripariu was exposed to LAS concentrations in water Significant reduction in the survival of the newly hatched larvae occurred at 4.7 mg/L. The 72h LC50 was between 1.0 and 4.7 mg/L, based on survival of newly hatched larvae.

In a flow-through sediment/water test system, the effect of LAS level in the water column was determined in a total of 6 chronic toxicity tests. The NOECs from these tests were 2.4 -3.0 mg/L (without sediment), and 3.0 -6.0 mg/L (with sediment).The effect of LAS on C. ripariu was also evaluated in an experiment using sediment spiked with LAS. In this test, the NOEC of sediment-spiked LAS was
319 mg/kg sediment (dry weight basis).

Description of key information

No sediment toxicity study with the target substance is available. Data generated with the category substance LABS Na was considered pitoval to this endpoint.

Three sediment toxicity studies are available for the substance LABS Na.

The first study (Comber et al. 2006) determined the toxicity to sediment dwelling worms. Exposure lasted 28 days, at which time the organisms were observed for survival and biomass. The test substance half-life in aerobic sediment was approximately 20 days. The EC50 was ≥ 105 mg/kg sediment dry weight. The NOEC was 81 mg/kg sediment dry weight.

In the second study (Comber et al. 2006) test organisms of the nematode species Caenorhabditis elegans were tested. Exposure lasted 3 days, at which time the organisms were observed for survival and reproduction. The NOEC for egg production was 100 mg/kg sediment dw, the NOEC for fertility was 200 mg/kg sediment dw and the EC10 for growth was 275 mg/kg sediment dw.

In the final toxicity study (Pittinger et al. 1989; The Procter & Gamble Company 1986; van de Plassche et al 1999) the midge Chironomus ripariu, was exposed to LABS Na for 24 days.  The 72 hour LC50 was between 1.0 and 4.7 mg/L, based on survival of newly hatched larvae. In the partial life cycle bioassay in a flow-through sediment/water test system (chronic test), percentages of winged adults emerging after continuous exposure of larvae and pupae to a range of LAS concentrations were determined. Exposure concentrations in sediment, interstitial water and overlying water were monitored by14C liquid scintillation counting. The effect of LAS level in the water column was determined in a total of six chronic toxicity tests. The NOECs from these tests ranged from 2.4 to 3.0 (without sediment), and 3.0 to 6.0 (with sediment). The effect of LAS on Chironomus was also evaluated in an experiment using sediment spiked with LAS. In this test, the NOEC of sediment-spiked LAS was 319 mg/kg sediment (dry weight basis).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC10, LC10 or NOEC for freshwater sediment:
81 mg/kg sediment dw
EC10, LC10 or NOEC for marine water sediment:
8.1 mg/kg sediment dw

Additional information