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EC number: 244-334-7 | CAS number: 21324-40-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Repeated dose toxicity: oral
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity: oral, other
- Remarks:
- other: review of effects of chronic exposure of human population
- Type of information:
- other: Information on major hydrolysis product of the registered substance (released rapidly on contact with water/moisture).
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Expert committee review including assessment of fluoride toxicity.
- Justification for type of information:
- Part of weight-of-evidence approach adapting the information requirements of Annex VIII 8.6.1 and Annex IX 8.6.2 under REACH in accordance with Annex XI Section 1.2. Reaction in contact with water proceeds rapidly, with release of hydrogen fluoride (forming hydrofluoric acid). Such local generation of hydrogen fluoride/hydrofluoric acid at the site of contact with skin or other membranes, with consequent potential for serious local tissue damage, is a major cause of the observed corrosivity of the substance, and secondary tissue necrosis due to localised free fluoride ion concentrations is also a likely contributor to this: delayed onset of deep tissue damage and pain is known after skin contact with HF solutions below 20% in concentration. Ethical and practical reasons therefore make it inappropriate to conduct repeat-dose toxicity testing of lithium hexafluorophosphate in animals; since information is available on systemic toxicity of the ultimate hydrolysis products hydrogen fluoride, lithium/Li+, fluoride/F- and phosphoric acid/phosphate, such testing is also scientifically unnecessary. In accordance with Annex XI, 1.2 of the REACH Regulation testing is not scientifically necessary based on weight-of evidence approach, and on humane grounds, as indicated in Article 15, 2 of Directive 2010/63/EU, such testing (expected to involve severe pain, suffering or distress likely to be long-lasting) should not be performed.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- Fluoride in Drinking Water: A Scientific Review of EPA's Standards
- Author:
- Committee on Fluoride in Drinking Water, National Research Council
- Year:
- 2 006
- Bibliographic source:
- National Academies Press, Washington ISBN: 0-309-65796-2
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Expert review of fluoride intake and effects on human health.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Hydrogen fluoride
- EC Number:
- 231-634-8
- EC Name:
- Hydrogen fluoride
- Cas Number:
- 7664-39-3
- IUPAC Name:
- fluoride
- Details on test material:
- Inorganic fluoride in drinking water.
Fluoride is a hydrolysis product of the reaction of LiPF6 with water.
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- other: Humans
Administration / exposure
- Details on oral exposure:
- Intake in drinking water.
Results and discussion
Results of examinations
- Details on results:
- Total inorganic fluoride intake in the USA, from nonwater plus fluoridated drinking water sources, has been estimated to be up to 258 µg/kg/day in infants and up to 79 µg/kg/day in adults.
Effect levels
- Remarks on result:
- other: Not determined
- Remarks:
- see "any other information on results" for details
Target system / organ toxicity
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
Any other information on results incl. tables
Identified human health effects of excess fluoride intake include fluorosis of the dental enamel: severe fluorosis affects about 10% of children in US communities drinking water containing fluoride at or close to 4 mg/l. Skeletal fluorosis and increased propensity to bone fracture may also be increased in populations drinking water with 4 mg fluoride/l, but the data on these endpoints was considered uncertain.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Fluoride intake in drinking water at levels close to or above 4 mg/l is associated with dental fluorosis and perhaps also bone fluorosis and/or weakening.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.

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