Bis(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl)amine

Endpoint summary

Additional information

Stability

Hydrolysis

Key study:

As hydrolysis testing of bis(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) amine needs to be performed at a concentration of less than half of the water solubility and the analytical methodology needs to have sufficient sensitivity and accuracy to be able to accurately measure the decrease in test item concentration over time, it was concluded that experimental testing is impractical.

In an OECD 111 study (conducted according to GLP), based on review of the structure it was concluded that bis(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) amine does not contain any hydrolysable functional groups, and thus, will be stable.  Hydrolysis is not anticipated (Harlan Laboratories, 2012).

Biodegradation

Biodegradation in water: Screening test

Key study:

In a study conducted according to OECD 301B (conducted to GLP), bis(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) amine attained 20% degradation after 28 days and therefore cannot be considered to be readily biodegradable under the strict conditions of the OECD Guideline (Harlan Laboratories, 2012). Bis(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) amine achieved 16% biodegradation by day 8, and reached 20% by day 14.

According to OECD TG 301, a substance can be considered Inherently Biodegradable where there is unequivocal evidence of biodegradation (primary or ultimate) in any test of biodegradability. According to the Introduction to the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals (Section 3) Part 1: Principles and Strategies Related to the Testing of Degradation of Organic Chemicals (July, 2003) Inherent Biodegradation rates above 20% may be regarded as evidence of inherent, primary biodegradability, whereas Inherent Biodegradation rates >70% may be regarded as evidence of inherent, ultimate biodegradability. The substances is considered a inherently biodegradable.

Supporting study:

Using The Estimation Programs Interface (EPI) Suite^TM was developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics and Syracuse Research Corporation (SRC), the ready biodegradation of bis(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) amine is determined as not readily biodegradable (EPIWIN, 2012).

Biodegradation in water and sediment

Based on the use pattern of bis(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) amine, intentional releases into the sediment compartment are not expected.  In accordance with Column 2 of Annex IX of the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) legislation, if direct and indirect exposure of sediment is unlikely, a biodegradation in soil study does not need to be conducted, therefore the endpoint is being waived.

According to the screening study, bis(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) amine is considered inherently biodegradable (Harlan Laboratories, 2012).

Biodegradation in soil

Based on the use pattern of bis(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) amine, intentional releases into the soil compartment are not expected.  In accordance with Column 2 of Annex IX of the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) legislation, if direct and indirect exposure of soil is unlikely, a biodegradation in soil study does not need to be conducted, therefore the endpoint is being waived.

According to the screening study, bis(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) amine is considered inherently biodegradable (Harlan Laboratories, 2012).

Bioaccumulation

Bioaccumulation

Using The Estimation Programs Interface (EPI) Suite^TM developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics and Syracuse Research Corporation (SRC), the BCF of bis(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) amine is determined as 179.4 L/kg (BCFBAF, 2010).

Transport and distribution

Adsorption / desorption

Key study:

In a study conducted in accordance with OECD 121 (conducted to GLP), the adsorption coefficient (Koc) of bis(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) amine is determined as > 4.27E+05, with a Log Koc > 5.63.

This value indicates that bis(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) amine will be environmentally immobile (Harlan Laboratories, 2012).

Supporting study:

Using The Estimation Programs Interface (EPI) Suite^TMdeveloped by the US Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics and Syracuse Research Corporation (SRC), the log Koc of bis(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) amine is 6.867 (EPIWIN, 2012).