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Surface tension

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Reference
Endpoint:
surface tension
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
1988
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: - EEC Directive 84/449, A.5 "Oberflachenspannung" (Amtsblatt der EG L 2S1/37, 19.9.84, Ringmethode) and ISO 304 ("Surface active agents - Determination of Surface Tension by Drawing up Liquid Films") 1978
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
- using the Wilhelmy plate method instead of ring method
Principles of method if other than guideline:
As an alternative to the ring method, which is primarily suggested by the test guideline, we prefer to use the Wilhelmy plate method because it allows a better assessment of the time dependence of the surface tension, if present.
GLP compliance:
no
Type of method:
plate method
Surface tension:
>= 59.1 - <= 64.7 mN/m
Temp.:
20 °C
Conc.:
10 g/L

Slightly time dependence of surface tension was observed.

Exp. 1
Concentration (g/L) σ solution σ corr. for Ob (mN/m)
minutes readings
Filtrate of a 10.0 g/L suspension 0 65.45 64.7

1 64.5 63.8

5 63.4 62.7

10 62.75 62.0
Exp. 2
Concentration (g/L) σ solution σ corr. for Ob (mN/m)
minutes readings
Filtrate of a 10.0 g/L suspension 0 62.4 61.7

1 61.55 60.8

5 60.45 59.8

10 59.8 59.1

According to the manufacturer of the apparatus, Harkins and Jordan correction is not necessary for the Wilhelmy plate method.

Conclusions:
The surface tension of test substance was determined to be 59 - 65 mN/m at 20°C (Filtrates of 10.0 g/L suspensions)
Executive summary:

In this study conducted to generally accepted scientific standards (EU A. 5) the test material (EC 404-360-3) was determined to have a surface tension of 59 - 65 mN/m at 20°C (Filtrates of 10.0 g/L suspensions)

Description of key information

Study conducted to generally accepted scientific standards

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Surface tension:
59
in mN/m at 20°C and concentration in mg/L:
10 000

Additional information

The surface tension was measured by the Wilhelmy plate method.

59 - 65 mN/m at 20°C (Filtrates of 10 g/L suspensions)