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EC number: 221-221-0 | CAS number: 3033-77-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability
- Type of information:
- other: EU Risk Assessment report
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2008
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- Although the EU risk assessment report is secondary literature, all data and risk assessment for the human, health and the environment have been evaluated and reviewed by Finland prior to publication. The risk assessment report has been submitted to final approval and published in the Official Journal of the European Union C157/10 dated on 21.06.2008. Thus, it is considered the information reported is reliable with the restrictions that reliability of the data presented has not been assessed again.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- European Union Risk Assessment 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride CAS RN 3033-77-0 Einecs No: 221-221-0
- Author:
- EC
- Year:
- 2 008
- Bibliographic source:
- Risk Assessment. Final approved version. Rapporteur: Finland (FIN). European communities. Printed in Italy. 147pp
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride
- EC Number:
- 221-221-0
- EC Name:
- 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride
- Cas Number:
- 3033-77-0
- Molecular formula:
- C6H14NO.Cl
- IUPAC Name:
- N,N,N-trimethyl(oxiran-2-yl)methanaminium chloride
- Details on test material:
- no data
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
no data
Study design
- Oxygen conditions:
- not specified
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Concentration of sludge: 1000 mg/L dry matter
- Duration of test (contact time):
- ca. 42 d
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- DOC removal
- Details on study design:
- The inoculum used in the test was non adapted activated sludge from the sewage treatment plant and the concentration of the test substance was 685 mg/l. Both the concentration of the substance 685 mg/l (250 mg DOC/l) and the concentration of the inoculum (1000 mg/l dry matter) were in the range of the test guideline. The pH in the test was checked at each sampling day and adjusted to pH 7-8 and the temperature was in the required range (19 – 23 °C).
Results and discussion
- Preliminary study:
- no data
- Test performance:
- no data
% Degradationopen allclose all
- Parameter:
- % degradation (DOC removal)
- Value:
- ca. 61
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Parameter:
- % degradation (DOC removal)
- Value:
- ca. 94
- Sampling time:
- 42 d
- Details on results:
- no data
BOD5 / COD results
- Results with reference substance:
- no data
Any other information on results incl. tables
no data
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Interpretation of results:
- inherently biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- A decrease of DOC by 61 % was found after 28 days in the inherent test following OECD test guideline 302B (Zahn-Wellens/EMPA test) (CEFIC, 1998c). After 42 days 94 % of the EPTAC was degraded. The criteria to be classified as "inherently biodegradable" was not fulfilled in this test (70 % in 28 days).
- Executive summary:
A decrease of DOC by 61 % was found after 28 days in the inherent test following OECD test guideline 302B (Zahn-Wellens/EMPA test) (CEFIC, 1998c). After 42 days 94 % of the EPTAC was degraded. The inoculum used in the test was non adapted activated sludge from the sewage treatment plant and the concentration of the test substance was 685 mg/l. Both the concentration of the substance 685 mg/l (250 mg DOC/l) and the concentration of the inoculum (1000 mg/l dry matter) were in the range of the test guideline. The pH in the test was checked at each sampling day and adjusted to pH 7-8 and the temperature was in the required range (19 – 23 °C). The criteria to be classified as "inherently biodegradable" was not fulfilled in this test (70 % in 28 days).
In 2005 an STP simulation test (Porous pot test) was conducted for EPTAC according to OECD 303A guideline. Test period was 135 days, where DOC elimination of the organic medium reached a degradation rate > 80 % after 9 days and test item application started on day 40. Once the DOC results indicated removal of EPTAC, the specific analysis of EPTAC, CHPTAC and DIOL were carried out via LC-MS/MS i.e. on day 40. Influent and effluent concentrations and adsorption on the activated sludge were determined for selected samples. Influent concentration of EPTAC was 60.7 mg/l, which is in the range of measured influent concentrations at starch cationisation sites. The primary degradation of EPTAC was in the range of 0-30 %. No clear degradation tendency was observed and no plateau was reached. Mean primary degradation was calculated from 14 (out of total 24) measurements which were done on days 100–113, corresponding to days 61–74 of test item application. The mean primary degradation of EPTAC was 15 ± 9.7 %. As the sludge retention time was 6 hours, an average half-life of 20 hours can be calculated. This can be translated to a rate constant of 0.0347 h-1. With this rate constant a degradation of 19.2 % at STP can be calculated with EUSES (Simple Treat). Indication of rather slow degradation can also be seen from four BOD5-values reported. Three of the BOD5–values were zero and one was 0.03 g/g with very high dilution. However documentation was in sufficient for detailed assessment of the tests.
Furthermore nine starch cationisation sites have provided measured EPTAC influent and effluent concentrations. For six of the sites EPTAC concentration in untreated waste water at WWTP is higher than measured concentration in the effluent i.e. removal of 52, 82, 90, 95, 96 and 98 % of EPTAC can be seen. This decrease could be partly due to biodegradation, but also due to hydrolysis and dilution, and therefore it has not been possible to estimate the general biodegradation rate based on this data. The starch cationisation process is a batch process and based on info from industry the number of days in operation has ranged from 10 to 360, with majority between 300 to 350 days. Therefore the exposure of EPTAC to microbes at WWTP may not be constant at all cationisation sites, and thus microbes may not be adapted to degrade EPTAC at all sites. As a conclusion results from the simulation test will be used in further calculations for estimation of degradation at STP. Based on the information available regarding degradation in the environment EPTAC can be regarded as inherently biodegradable but not fulfilling the criteria set in the TGD. As a consequence the EPTAC half-lives will in STP be 20 hours, in surface water 150 days and in sediment 300 d.
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