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EC number: 434-080-7 | CAS number: 208343-47-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Oral administration of the test material (by gavage) to rats at doses of 0, 50, 200 and 1000 mg/kg bw/day, for 28 days (OECD 407, GLP) did not cause any effects. The highest dose applied, 1000 mg/kg bw/day, was determined to be the NOAEL and the NOEL.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Repeated dose toxicity: via oral route - systemic effects
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2000
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 407 (Repeated Dose 28-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents)
- Version / remarks:
- 27 July 1995
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Remarks:
- HanIbm:WIST (SPF)
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: RCC Ltd, Biotechnology & Animal Breeding Division, Fuellinsdorf / Switzerland
- Age at study initiation: 7 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: Males: 131 - 162 grams (mean 148 grams), Females: 105 - 143 grams (mean 119 grams)
- Housing: groups of five animals
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Pelleted standard Provimi Kliba 3433 (batch no. 40/99 and 41/99) rat maintenance diet (Provimi Kliba AG, Kaiseraugst/ Switzerland) ad libitum.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Community tap-water from Itingen was available ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 7 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 ± 3
- Humidity (%): 40-70
- Air changes (per hr): 10-15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hours fluorescent light/ 12 hours dark (light period between 06.00 and 18.00) - Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- polyethylene glycol
- Remarks:
- PEG 300
- Details on oral exposure:
- PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:
The test article formulations were prepared weekly.
The test substance was weighed into a glass beaker on a tared Mettler balance and a small amount of vehicle added. After stirring with a glass rod the vehicle was added. The mixtures were prepared using a magnetic stirrer and stored at room temperature (17-23°C).
Homogeneity of the test article in the vehicle were maintained during the daily administration period using a magnetic stirrer. - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- For analytical verification the high performance liquid chromatography was carried out. This chemical analysis determined concentration, homogeneity, and stability of the test substance in PEG 300. The mean concentrations of the homogeneity samples were found to be 95.0%, 106.0%, and 102.7% of the nominal concentrations of the three dose groups 10, 40 and 200 mg/ml. The individual concentrations varied in the range from -8% to +4% of the mean concentrations. Therefore, the test item was found to be homogeneously distributed in the vehicle.
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 28 days
- Frequency of treatment:
- 7 days/week
- Dose / conc.:
- 50 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Dose / conc.:
- 200 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Dose / conc.:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- - control: 10
- 50 mg/kg bw: 5
- 200 mg/kg bw:5
- 1000 mg/kg bw: 10 - Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Details on study design:
- - Rationale for selecting satellite groups: test for reversibility of effects or late developing effects
- Post-exposure recovery period in satellite groups: 14 days - Positive control:
- no
- Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: The animals were observed for clinical signs once before commencement of administration; twice daily on days 1-3 (ca 1 and 3 hours after administration); as well as once daily on days 4-28 (ca. 1 hour after administration) and once daily during days 29-42 (recovery).
DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: The animals were observed in their home cages, outside their home cages in a standard arena and in the hand. These observations were performed in random sequence once before commencement of administration and once weekly (weeks 1-3) thereafter.
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: Body weights were recorded weekly during pretest, treatment and recovery and before necropsy, using an on-line electronic recording system consisting of a Mettler balance connected to the RCC computer.
FOOD CONSUMPTION:
- The food consumption was recorded once during the pretest period and weekly thereafter, using an on-line electronic recording system consisting of a Mettler balance connected to the RCC computer.
HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
- Parameters checked: Erythrocyte count; Hemoglobin; Hematocrit; Mean corpuscular volume; Mean corpuscular hemoglobin; Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; Platelet count; Reticulocyte count; Reticulocyte fluorescence ratios; Nucleated erythrocytes (normoblasts); Heinz bodies; Methemoglobin; Total leukocyte count; Differential leukocyte count; Red blood cell morphology; Thromboplastin time (=prothrombin time); Activated partial thromboplastin time
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: Blood samples for hematology and clinical biochemistry were collected from all animals under light ether anesthesia. The animals were fasted in metabolism cages for approximately 18 hours before blood sampling but allowed access to water ad libitum. Blood samples were collected early in the working day to reduce biological variation caused by circadian rhythms. Blood samples were drawn from the retro-orbital plexus using a micro-hematocrit glass capillary tube.
- Animals fasted: Yes
- Parameters checked: Glucose; Urea; Creatinine; Uric Acid; Bilirubin, total; Cholesterol, total; Triglycerides; Phospholipids; Aspartate aminotransferase; Alanine aminotransferase; Lactate dehydrogenase; Creatine kinase;Alkaline phosphatase; Gamma-glutamyl transferase; Calcium; Phosphorus; Sodium; Potassium; Chloride; Albumin; Protein, total; Globulin; Albumin/Globulin ratio
URINALYSIS: Yes
- Parameters checked: Volume (18-hour); Specific gravity; Osmolality; Color; Appearance; pH; Protein; Glucose; Ketone; Bilirubin; Blood; Nitrite; Urobilinogen; Urine sediment; Red blood cells; Crystals (Triple phosphate)
MORTALITY/VIABILITY: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: Observations for mortality/viability were recorded twice daily - Sacrifice and pathology:
- GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes - Statistics:
- - The Dunnett-test (many to one t-test) based on a pooled variance estimate was applied if the variables could be assumed to follow a normal distribution for the comparison of the treated groups and the control groups for each sex.
- The Steel-test (many-one rank test) was applied instead of the Dunnett-test when the data could not be assumed to follow a normal distribution.
- Student's T-Test was applied to locomotor activity and grip strength.
- Fisher's exact-test was applied to macroscopic findings. - Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No test article-related clinical signs were evident during daily observations.
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Description (incidence):
- One male (no. 25) treated at 1000 mg/kg/day died accidentally after blood sampling. All other animals survived until scheduled necropsy.
- Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No test article-related effects upon mean body weights were noted in either sex at any dose levels. The mean body weight gain values of the test article-treated males and females were similar to or exceeded those of the controls.
- Food efficiency:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- The mean daily food consumption of all groups was similar.
- Haematological findings:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No test article-related differences to the control values were noted in males or females.
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No test article-related differences to the control values were noted at any dose level.
- Urinalysis findings:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No test article-related differences to the control values were noted at any dose level.
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No test article-related differences to the control animals were noted at any dose level.
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No test article-related changes were noted in the absolute or relative organ weights.
- Gross pathological findings:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There were no treatment-related macroscopic findings after 4 weeks' treatment or two weeks' recovery.
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- The administration of the test substance, by gavage, to Wistar rats, at dosages of 50, 200 or 1000 mg/kg/day for 28 days produced no treatment-related findings.
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: No effects observed
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- Conclusions:
- The highest dose applied, 1000 mg/kg bw/day, was determined to be the NOAEL and the NOEL as no effects were observed.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day
- Study duration:
- subacute
- Species:
- rat
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - systemic effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - local effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal - systemic effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal - local effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
In a subacute toxicity study, the test substance was administered daily by oral gavage to SPF-bred Wistar rats of both sexes at dose levels of 0, 50, 200 and 1000 mg/kg body weight/day for a period of 28 days. The groups comprised 5 animals per sex which were sacrificed after 28 days of treatment. Additional 5 rats per sex and group were used at 0 and 1000 mg/kg. These animals were treated for 28 days and then allowed a 14-day treatment-free recovery period after which they were sacrificed. Clinical signs, outside cage observation, food consumption and body weights were recorded periodically during pretest, the treatment and recovery periods. Functional observational battery, locomotor activity and grip strength were performed during week 4. At the end of the dosing and the treatment-free recovery period, blood samples were withdrawn for hematology and plasma chemistry analyses. Urine samples were collected for urinalyses. All animals were killed, necropsied and examined post mortem. Histological examinations were performed on organs and tissues from all control and high dose animals, and all gross lesions from all animals.
No treatment related death occured. One male (no. 25) died accidentally after blood sampling. Clinical signs were not observed, there were also no changes or abnormalities in food consumption, body weight gain or neurobehaviour. No test article-related differences to the control values were noted in hematology or urinalysis. Organ weighing, gross necropsy and histopathology were without any finding. Thus, 1000 mg/kg bw/day is considerd to be the NO(A)EL for the test compound.
Justification for classification or non-classification
The available experimental test data are reliable and suitable for classification purposes under Regulation 1272/2008, as amended for the thirteenth time in Regulation (EU) No 2018/1480. As a result the substance is not considered to be classified for repeated dose toxicity under Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008.
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